THE BIOLOGY OF DAILY LIFE. 115 



deduced out of the observations recorded in the last 

 edition (1889) of Practical Biology (Huxley and 

 Martin, extended by Howes and Scott). 



I say this advisedly, and in spite of the fact that 

 every resource of language and device of naming has 

 been employed to make artificial distinctions. For 

 instance, the mould that prefers to grow on apricot 

 jam is distinguished by the name Eurotium Aspergillus 

 glaucus, which suggests no affinity to the Penicillium. 

 We are warned (p. 418) that 



" pullulating cells, resembling Torulae, are not 

 unfrequently derived from the conidia of 

 Pencillium, and many other of the lower 

 fungi, but they must not be confounded with 

 true yeast." 



Again, of another mould that sometimes forms on 

 wet and warm bread and called Mucor Stolonifer, 

 we read that if submerged in a saccharine liquid, it 

 multiplies by budding, after the manner of Torulas. 



" This ' Mucor-TorulaJ functionally as well 

 as morphologically, bears a resemblance to the 

 yeast plant, from which however its life history 

 shows it to be quite distinct." 



In fact the chapter is full of warnings against con- 

 founding these moulds with yeast, that I might have 

 feared that after all it was a case of mistaken identity, 

 so clever are the disguises under which yeast appears. 



One golden sentence from the same book sets the 

 whole matter at rest, and shows that all these dis- 

 tinctions are truly microscopic, and much less than 

 that, (say) between the different sorts of geraniums. 

 At page 376 we read : 



