196 



Biology in America 



species of tadpole can be grafted on that of another species, 

 two entire animals may be united, and even the head of one 

 species (Rana virescens) can be united to the body of another 

 (E. palustris), and a young frog reared from the combina- 

 tion. Similar results have been obtained by Crampton in 

 the union of the pupae of moths, combinations of cecropia 

 moths with promethea and polyphemus moths having been 

 successfully made. 



Most remarkable of grafting results with higher animals 



A COMBINATION FROG 



With the head of one species grafted onto the body of another. The 

 tadpole to the left, the adult to the right. From Harrison, in the 

 "Anatomical Record,-' Vol. 2. 



have been those of Carrel on mammals. He has removed 

 sections of arteries of one animal and replaced them with 

 pieces of vessels taken from another. He has even made 

 this graft successfully with vessels which had been kept in 

 an ice chest for several weeks after death. Thus a piece 

 of a human artery taken from an amputated leg and pre- 

 served for twenty-five days in cold storage was used to replace 

 a piece of the aorta of a small dog. The graft took and the 

 dog recovered and lived for over four years, during which 

 time she bore several litters of puppies, finally dying during 



