372 GLOSSARY 



Ax'i-al skeleton : the bones of the head, neck, and trunk. 

 Ax'il-la-ry (Lat. axilla, the armpit) : belonging to the armpit, as the 



axillary arteries. 



Ax'is (Lat., axle) : the second vertebra of the neck. 

 Ax'is cyl'in-der : the central core of a nerve fiber. 



Ba-cil'li (plu. of mod. Lat. bacillus, diminutive of baculum, stick) : 

 microscopic, rod-shaped vegetable organisms; a variety of bac- 

 terium. 



Bac-te'ri-a (plu. of bacterium, from Gr. bakterion, a staff) : microscopic 

 vegetable organisms, usually in the form of jointed rodlike threads. 

 They are found in connection with putrefying matter. Some sorts 

 cause disease. 



Bi'ceps (Lat., having two heads, from bis, twice, and caput, head) : 

 the muscle on the inner side of the upper arm. 



Bi-cus'pid valves (Lat. bi, two, and cuspis, a point) : the valves guard- 

 ing the opening from the left auricle of the heart into the left 

 ventricle ; the mitral valves. 



Bicuspids : the two double-pointed teeth on each side of each jaw. 



Bile (Lat. bills) : a greenish yellow fluid secreted by the liver. It 

 passes into the small intestine, where it assists in the digestion of 

 the food. 



Bi-ol'o-gy (Gr. bios, life, and login, discourse) : the science of life. 



Blind spot : an elevated surface on the retina where the optic nerve 

 fibers enter the eye. 



Brach'i-al (Lat. brachium, arm): pertaining to the arm, as the 

 brachial artery. 



Bron'chi (Gr. brogchos, windpipe) : the subdivisions of the trachea. 



Cae'cum (Lat. ccecus, blind) : the first division of the large intestine. 

 Cal'ci-um (Lat. calx, calcis, lime) : a chemical element found in lime, 



gypsum, and other substances. 

 Ca-nines' (Lat. cam's, dog) : the sharp, pointed teeth next to the 



incisors. 

 Cap'il-la-ry (Lat. capillus, hair) : one of the smallest blood vessels or 



other minute tubes. 

 Car-bo-hy'drates (carbon and hydrate} : a class of foods which includes 



starch, the sugars, and cellulose. They are composed of carbon, 



oxygen, and hydrogen. 

 Car'bon (Lat. carbo, coal) : a chemical element found in all organic 



compounds. Diamond and graphite are forms of carbon. 



