MARKET GRADES 



133 



cent per bushel more to stack and thresh, as compared with shock 

 threshing. The extra expense was considered as cheap insurance 

 against greater loss, in case a machine was not available for threshing 

 as soon as the grain was ready. 



Cost of Producing Wheat. The cost will vary on every farm, 

 due to a large number of factors. The following table on cost of 

 production in the United States will give a general idea. The first 

 three columns of figures are taken from the Crop Reporter for May, 

 1911, and the last two are calculated from the Census data. The 

 figures all apply to the crop of 1909. 



Cost of Raising Wheat 



Shrinkage in Storage. Wheat grain is usually much drier than 

 corn when stored. While corn may be expected to shrink 5 to 20 

 per cent during the first year in storage (p. 85), wheat is expected 

 to shrink not more than 2 to 3 per cent. 



Market Grades. A large portion of the wheat crop is sold 

 directly to the local miller or dealer and is then bought on inspection 

 of the grain. Where grain is shipped to the great terminal markets, 

 as Chicago, Minneapolis, or St. Louis, it is graded by official in- 

 spectors, who are employees of the Government. The grain is 

 bought and sold according to federal grades. A full statement on 

 the grades is given in the Appendix, III. p. 486. They may be briefly 

 summarized as follows : 



I Hard Red Spring. 



Dark Northern Spring. 

 Northern Spring. 

 Red Spring. 



II Durum. 



Amber Durum. 

 Durum. 

 Red Durum. 



