CHAPTER XXIII 

 BARLEY 



BARLEY is the fourth cereal in importance in the United States, 

 but sixth in the world's crop of cereals (Chapter I) . In the United 

 States it is exceeded by corn, wheat, and oats, and in the world both 

 rye and rice surpass it in production. Europe alone produces about 

 three-fourths of the world crop. 



The Production of Barley. The average barley crop of the 

 world for the five-year period, 19061910, is shown in the following 

 table. 



Production of Barley by Continents 



Continent Bushels 



Europe 959,285,600 



North America 221,680,800 



Asia 99,352,200 



Africa 54,835,200 



Australasia 3,727,800 



World crop 1,338,881,600 



The principal barley-producing countries (Fig. 60), together 

 with the average yield per acre, are shown in the next table : 



Average Yields of Barley by Countries 



Average yield Average yield per acre 



per annum 



Country 1906-1910, 1890-1899, 1900-1909, 



bushels bushels bushels 



Russia 385,880,200 13.3 14.3 



United States 166,356,000 23.4 25.8 



Germany 147,594,400 29.4 35.3 



Austria-Hungary .. 143,118,000 21.1 26.3 



Japan 87,413,200 



Russia and the United States lead in barley production, as they 

 also do in wheat and oat production. The average yield per acre 

 is low in Eussia, which is also true of her wheat and oat crop, but 

 the acreage is very large. It will also be noted that the average yield 

 per acre is increasing in the principal countries. 



Barley in the United States. In the United States, barley cul- 

 ture is more concentrated in a few States than any other grain. The 

 five leading States produce about three-fourths of the crop. It takes 

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