34 PROTEIN THERAPY 



subcutaneously or intravenously, are relatively toxic and resemble 

 typhoid and colon vaccines in their general effects. 



Cholera, prodigiosus, proteus, and a number of other organisms 

 have been injected intravenously by various observers. 



Meningococci. The dose used is usually about 100 million. The 

 injection is followed by a prompt chill that has its onset in from 15 

 minutes to one hour and lasts usually a half hour. Headache is com- 

 mon, nausea and vomiting quite exceptional. The temperature rise is 

 marked and reaches its maximum in from 6 to 8 hours. Herpes has 

 been commonly observed after the injections. 



Gonococci. Dosage and reaction similar to the meningococcus. 

 Leukocytosis is well marked with both types of organisms and reaches 

 a maximum in from 5 to 7 hours. With the gonococcus vaccine herpes 

 is less frequent. 



Streptococci. The streptococcus is evidently not as toxic as the 

 typhoid and colon bacilli, and the reaction is frequently delayed from 

 8 to 10 hours. A dosage of 100 million is usually followed by only 

 a mild temperature reaction. A chill is not so common and the leu- 

 kocytosis is lacking. The vaccine does not seem to be a good agent 

 for nonspecific stimulation. 



Staphylococci. Similar in dosage and in reactivity to the strep- 

 tococcus vaccine. Followed by a leukocytosis of considerable extent 

 and has been found more useful than the streptococcus vaccine. 



Pyocyaneus. Pyocyaneus Vaccine was one of the first used for 

 heterovaccinotherapy (by Rumpf in the treatment of typhoid in 

 1893). Its use has not been extensive enough to justify any con- 

 clusions as to its value. Dollken has used it in the treatment of 

 gummata. 



Pneumococcus. In dosage and reaction similar to the strepto- 

 coccus, with a certain degree of latitude with different strains. The 

 leukocytic response is not marked ; indeed may at times be absent. 



Influenza Bacilli. Influenza bacilli injected intravenously have 

 been given in doses of from 50 to 100 million organisms with relatively 

 little reaction on the part of the patient. There is as a rule no chill, 

 but the temperature response may be from 2 to 3 F. several hours 

 after the injection. 



Diphtheroids. Both diphtheroids and diphtheria bacilli seem to 

 produce little reaction when injected intravenously. A dosage of 

 from 25 to 200 has been injected intravenously, followed after a long 

 latent period (10 hours) by some general reaction, slight chill, tem- 

 perature rise of from 1 to 2 F. and headache. Usually there is no 

 leukocytosis. 



While all these organisms may produce some reaction, either 

 mild or severe, they are by no means quite comparable in their effect 

 on the leukocytic response. Schittenhelm, Weichardt and Greissham- 

 mer have called attention to some of the differences that exist follow- 



