THE NONSPECIFIC AGENTS 35 



ing the intravenous injection of different kinds of bacteria, certain 

 organisms being followed by a prolonged leukopenia instead of a 

 leukocytosis, others producing myelitic stimulation, others a lym- 

 phatic stimulation, etc. Dollken in his recent discussion and study of 

 heterobacteriotherapy brings out the fact that the stimulation by 

 different bacteria may not be omnicellular, but rather selective; that 

 the clinical result, too, is by no means independent of the kind of 

 organism injected. Thus he found that while pyocyaneus vaccine 

 was effective in gummata, a pseudodiphtheria vaccine was quite 

 without effect. In neuralgia a prodigiosus vaccine gave an excellent 

 clinical result, while cholera and dysentary vaccine was not followed 

 by equal clinical improvement. In a like measure in the treatment 

 of acne neither prodigiosus nor pyocyaneus vaccine proved useful, 

 while the autogenous vaccine was promptly followed by improve- 

 ment. 



The injection of vaccines is not, like milk, followed by any 

 styptic effect; on the other hand, they are not as a rule hemolytic, 

 as nucleohistone and albumoses may be. The resistance to rein- 

 jection also differs with the different organisms. Thus there is a 

 rapid tolerance, or increased resistance established to typhoid, 

 pyocyaneus, pseudodiphtheria and several other vaccines, while milk, 

 representing a native protein, may at times become more marked in 

 its effect with subsequent injections. 



Mixtures of vaccines have also been employed. Thus the "Arthi- 

 gon" of Bruck contained a number of strains of gonococci and 10% 

 of protargol and was used extensively in Germany in the treatment 

 of gonorrheal complicationi. "V accinurin" is a recent mixture rec- 

 ommended by Dollken for use in neuralgia and neuritis and consists 

 of prodigiosus organisms and staphylococci which have been permitted 

 to autolyze. 



Danysz' method of treating disease has been discussed in full in a recent 

 number of the Bulletin medicate. He describes anew the technic and his 

 experience in 352 cases since 1913. In seeking for an efficient antiana- 

 phylactic, he started from the theory that the focus of production of the 

 substances generating the anaphylaxis in the majority, if not in all, of the 

 chronic, noncontagious diseases, is in the bowel: The albuminoid matters 

 or microbian contents of the intestinal canal passing into the blood through 

 the congested intestinal mucosa act as antigens and induce the anaphylactic 

 state of the organism. Consequently, he reasoned, the microbes isolated 

 from the intestinal contents ought to act as antigens when inoculated or 

 ingested. The microbes are isolated from a scrap of stool by sowing on 

 ordinary culture bouillon and then making pure cultures on gelose, and 

 then mixing the cultures in the same proportions as found originally. 

 This is diluted with physiologic serum, sterilized with heat and the dose 

 determined by weight. For ingestion, the dose is 1/10 to 5/10 mg. of the 

 microbian bodies; for injection 1/1,000 or 1/1,200 mg. At first he made 

 an autogenous antigen for each patient, but finding that the species and 



