INFECTIOUS DISEASES 193 



termined a favorable effect on the pulse rate and the general con- 

 dition of the patient; the temperature usually declined in about 3 

 days after commencing the treatment. Van Andel and Heymans 

 both used collargol in a small series of cases with favorable results. 

 Hodel found both collargol and the fixation abscess useful in influ- 

 enza. Holden used colloidal silver and Richard, Remond and Netter 

 have also reported on the use of similar metallic preparations. Tail- 

 lens treated some 300 cases of influenza and complications with a 

 number of different agents. Salvarsan was not effective, euesol and 

 galyl were also found useless; colloidal metals were only useful in 

 very large doses. 



Wachter used collargol in influenza and obtained good results if 

 it was administered sufficiently early. In the pleurisy following 

 pneumonias it was also useful. He recommends care if there is any 

 nephritis present because he observed that several cases had a recur- 

 rence of casts and albumin in the urine after the collargol injections. 



Witte also recommends such intravenous injections if they can 

 be given early enough. 



The fixation abscess and turpentine injections (collobiase) seem 

 to have been used with considerable success. Taillens reports that 

 injections of turpentine gave him better results than the other agents 

 that he employed (see above). He used it in 38 cases. Netter, who 

 treated 230 simple influenza cases and 309 cases with complications, 

 found that his mortality was about 22%. Cases treated with in- 

 jections of colloidal tin oxid were not influenced very much. He 

 also employed normal serum and collargol without much effect. A 

 fixation abscess was employed in some cases with perhaps better 

 results. Pehu and Pillon claim to have found turpentine injections 

 useful in the treatment of bronchopneumonia, especially in children. 

 Netter, Vergely, Roumaillac and also Klingmuller used turpentine in- 

 jections. Swiss clinicians have employed the fixation abscess with 

 apparent success. Thus Hodel treated 156 cases of influenzal pneu- 

 monia. Of these 102 were treated with intravenous injections of elec- 

 targol, the dosage being from 5 to 20 c.c. The mortality was 20%. 

 In 15 cases treated with the fixation abscess the results were much 

 better. Probst describes his experience in the epidemic of 1920 as 

 well as in those of 1918 and 1919. His experience then and with 

 recent cases has confirmed his previous announcements in regard to 

 the benefit from a fixation abscess induced by subcutaneous injection 

 of 1 c.c. of turpentine. He ascribes its efficacy to the hyperleuko- 

 cytosis which it induces, as influenza is accompanied by pronounced 

 leukopenia. He thinks this explains also why influenza is mild post- 

 partum, because the hyperleukocytosis of parturition renders the in- 

 fection mild, and there is nothing so effectual, he declares, to induce 

 hyperleukocytosis as the fixation abscess. He warns not to incise the 



