26 THE CRUCIFER FAMILY. [Matthiola. 



petals obovate. Tod 4 or 5 inches long, crowned by the short stigmas, 

 which are rather thickened at the base. 



On cliffs and stony places on the sea-coast round the Mediterranean, 

 and up western Europe, at least to Bayonne. In Britain fully estab- 

 lished on cliffs in the Isle of Wight, and perhaps some other parts of 

 the south <3oast, but probably an escape from cultivation. FL summer. 



2. M. sinuata, Br. (fig. 49). Sea Stock. Like the last, but more 

 herbaceous and diffuse, and covered all over with a short hoary down, 

 which is, however, much softer and more dense. Branches very 

 spreading. Lower leaves deeply sinuate. Flowers nearly as in M. 

 incana, but the pods more compressed, usually more or less covered 

 with glandular protuberances, and the stigmas very short, scarcely 

 thickened at the base. 



On sandy seashores, common all round the Mediterranean, and up the 

 west coast of Europe to Ireland, and some points of the south and west 

 coasts of England and Wales. FL summer. [Very fragrant at night.] 



II. CHEIRANTHUS. WALLFLOWER. 



Habit and character of Matthiola, except that the hairs are bipartite 

 and appressed, the flowers are orange or yellow, or under cultivation, 

 red, purple, or brown, the pod more distinctly flattened, the very short 

 stigmas spreading horizontally, not erect, and usually borne on a 

 distinct style, and the seeds not winged. 



The genus is reduced by some to a single species, by others made to 

 include a very few species from southern Europe and the Canary 

 Islands. 



1. C. Cheiri, Linn. (fig. 50). Wall/lower. A perennial of longer 

 duration and more woody than the common Stock, more branched and 

 less hoary, the hairs forked at the base, and closely pressed on the 

 surface, or often quite green and nearly glabrous. Leaves narrow, 

 pointed, quite entire. Flowers rather large, generally of a rich orange- 

 yellow, and sweet-scented, but varying from pale yellow to a deep red. 

 Pods 2 to 3 inches long, the valves with a slightly prominent midrib. 



A native of rocky situations, in southern Europe, but spreads rapidly 

 from cultivation, and is now abundant, apparently wild, on walls, old 

 buildings, and rocky places near habitations, in many parts of central 

 and even northern Europe. In Britain very frequent under the latter 

 circumstances. FL spring. 



III. BARBAREA. WINTERCRESS. 



Herbs, only differing from the yellow-flavoured Nasturtia by their 

 longer pod, the midrib more conspicuous, and the seeds apparently 

 arranged in a single row, and from Erysimum and Sisymbrium by 

 accumbent, not incumbent radicle. 



A very small genus, spread over the temperate regions of the globe. 



1. B. vulgaris, Br. (fig. 51). Wintercress, Yellow Rocket. A perennial 

 of short duration, stiff and erect, green and glabrous, sparingly branched, 

 1 to 2 feet high. Leaves mostly pinnate, with the terminal lobe large, 

 broad, and very obtuse, while the lower ones are few, small, and narrow j 



