18 GENERAL ANATOMY. 



them are present in a pure state (Nitrogen and Oxygen in the blood, Nitrogen 

 in the intestinal gases), the rest in binary, ternary, and quarternary com- 

 pounds. 



4. Binary, called inorganic compounds : 



1. Water; composes the largest part of all animal fluids, permeates most 

 solid parts, giving rise to their various degrees of softness. 



2. Carbonic Acid; in blood, urine, the exhalations from the lungs, and the 

 cutaneous transpiration; in their salts. 



a. Carbonates ; of Potassa in Serum. 



b. Soda, in Serum, Hsematin, Bile, liq. Jlmnios, Mucus, Sweat, 



Saliva, Tears ; Cartilage, Bone, Teeth. 



c. Ammonia, in Urine and liq. Jlmnios. 



d. Lime, in Cartilage, Bones, Teem, Sand of ear, Nails. 



e. Magnesia in grease of the skin. 



3. Phosphatic Salts : 



a. Soda in Serum, Haematin, Bile, liq. jlmnios, Urine, Sweat, Saliva, 



Tears ; Nails, Cartilage, Muscles. 



b. Lime in Bones, Cartilages, Teeth, sand of Pineal gland. 



c. Soda and Ammonia in Urine ; Blood (Hxinefeld). 



d. Oxide of Iron in Ha?matin, Gastric juice, Urine. 



4. Chlorine Compounds: 



a. Hydrochloric acid in the fluid of the stomach and Caecum. 



b. Chloride Sodium in Blood and Secretions ; Brain, Muscles, Bone, Car- 



tilage, Teeth, Pigment of eyes. 



c. Chloride of Potassium in Blood, Crystalline lens, Saliva, Gastric juice, 



Urine, Milk. 



d. Chloride of Ammonium in Urine, S\veat, Gastric juice. 



e. Chloride of Calcium in Gastric juice. 



5. Sulphates: 



a. Potash in Urine, Gastric juice, Cartilage. 



b. Soda in Urine, liq. Jimnws ; Sweat, Bile, Cartilage. 



c. Lime in liq. Jlmnws ; Bile, Gastric juice, Hair, Epidermis. 



6. Sulpho-cyanide of Potassium in the Saliva. 



7. Fluoride of Calcium in enamel of teeth. 



8. Silica and Oxide of Manganese in Hair. 



9. Alumina in enamel of teeth, Bones (?) and white hair (?). 



1 0. Oxide of Iron in Hsematin, black Pigment, Lens, and Hair. 



11. Oxide of Titanium in the supra renal capsules. (Rees.) 



Ammonia (Nitrogen, Hydrogen) and Cyanogen (Nitrogen, Carbon) do 

 not exist in a free state in the organism, but as compound salts, and 

 even then in excreted substances only (Urine, Sweat, Saliva). 



Compounds exist likewise of inorganic bases with organic acids. 

 . (See Urine, Milk, Oil, Margaric acid.) 



5. How the ternary and quarternary compounds of the ele- 

 ments which constitute the proper organic mass are brought about, 

 has not been, hitherto, ascertained by inorganic chemistry, because 

 it is not possible to analyse them in the common binary com- 

 pounds, or to compose them from these. The most, besides 

 oxygen, hydrogen, and carbon, consist also of nitrogen, and are 



