ELEMENTARY FORMS. 33 



cartilaginous mass in the space between Petrous, Sphenoid, and Occipital bone 

 (ybram. lacerum anterius) consists of pure uniting tissue. * 



Chemical. The principal element of cartilage is Chondrin, which arises 

 after boiling true cartilages from fifteen to eighteen hours, and false, which is 

 well supplied with cartilage cells, for forty-eight hours. Cartilage contains 

 about three-fourths water, nevertheless it does not readily decompose. Salts : 

 Carb. Soda (most); Sulphate of Soda, Chlor. Soda, phosph. Magnes.; some 

 oxyd of Iron. 



Vessels and nerves. Most cartilages are without vessels, but in connection 

 with highly vascular bones and synovial capsules. From out of the Peri- 

 chondrium vessels pass into the (true) cartilages, e. g., the ribs. Also the Syn- 

 chondroses (Symphysis pubis, &c.) are said to contain vessels during pregnancy. 

 In the ossification of the thyroid, rib, and fetal cartilages new vessels form. 

 The articular cartilages never ossify, but become rough and degenerate ; in 

 consequence, the immediate ends of the bones grow together (Anchylosis). 

 Cartilage is not sensitive, possessing no nerves. 



Upon bone cartilage, see Osteology. 



33. Nutritious Juice 



consists of a fluid portion, Plasma, and of a solid, the microsco- 

 pical corpuscles which are suspended in the former in great num- 

 bers. Plasma (lig. sanguinis et lymphx) is a homogeneous mass 

 which at death divides into a fluid (serum) and a coagulable 

 portion which forms by enclosing the corpuscles, the blood or 

 lymph clot, coagulurn (Cruor. Placenta). 



The corpuscles pass through, in a short time, several stages of 

 development, like the Organismus, to the maintenance of which 

 they contribute. As the last stage, as modifications (certainly 

 only imaginary) of the nutritious juices, we must consider those 

 which are designated by the expression Blood, Chyle, and Lymph. 



The analogy between the Plasma and Cytoblastema, the corpus- 

 cles and nucleated cells, has already been referred to. 



34. 1. CHYLE, Lymph. 



1. Chyle. This is the milky fluid formed as the result of the 

 digestion of nutritious substances in the intestines, and taken up 

 from them by the lymphatics (lacteals). It immediately takes its 

 course with the lymph, which very soon unites with it, through 

 the large lymphatic trunks, and thus passes into the sanguineous 

 system. 



The Chyle at the commencements of the lymphatics Qacteals] 

 (where it is not, however, even more free from lymph) has a 

 milk-white colour, which depends upon fat globules, and does 

 not coagulate. It contains besides 



the fat (C. H. Schultz), very small, generally round corpuscles (nuclei of 

 blood corpuscles?), which increase the more the fat diminishes; the rela- 

 tive quantity of fibrin and albumen is smaller than in lymph. 

 2 



