110 



SPECIAL ANATOMY. 



Os naviculare, lunatum et Cuneiforms of the first row, thus 

 forming a Ginglymus joint. 



Ligaments: 1. Lig. capsulare commune, passes from the first row, os 

 phi forme excepted, to the second row ; is more dense before than behind. 



2. Lig. volare from os Cuneiforme and Naviculare to Os capital, or Magnum 

 and Trapezium. 



3. Lig. dursale from the first row, os pisiforme excepted, to the whole of 

 the second row. 



4. Lig. laterak e&ternum s. radlale, from os navicvlare to os trapezium. 



5. Lig. laterale internum s. ulnare, from os cuneiforme to os unci forme. 



A single synovial capsule lies between the two rows of carpal bones, with 

 two superior and three inferior small blind extensions in the spaces between 

 the separate bones. 



igg- Glenoid. (Cruveilhier) increase the depth of the articular cavities.] 



Movements. The separate bones move scarcely, or not at all, 

 upon one another ; but between the first and second row the 

 following movements exist : 



1. Extension, tolerably limited, as the strong anterior ligaments 

 prevent it. 



2. Flexion, and indeed to such an extent, that the os magnum 

 may be dislocated backwards ; flexion of the hand takes place in 

 great degree through this articulation, more than by the arlic. 

 carpo-radialis. 



126. VIII. Connection of the Carpal with the Metacarpal 

 Bones, Jlrticul. carpo-metacarpea. 



The inferior surfaces of the second to the fourth carpal bones 

 of the second row, and the superior of the second to the fifth 

 metacarpal bones, are attached angularly to one another, and thus 

 form an immoveable articulation, whilst the os I. metacarpi, 

 thumb, is united in a free articulation, moving in all directions, 

 with the os trapezium. Ligaments : upon the dorsal and palmar 

 surfaces are short and strong. 



1. metacarpi II. has three ligg. 

 dorsalia ; a. ex / 'emit m to os trape- 

 zium: b. medium to os irapezoid; 

 c. internum to os magnum. 



2. Os metacarp. HI. has two ligg. 

 dorsalia : a. rectum to os magnum ; 

 b. obliquum to os unciforme. 



3. Os metacarp. IV. has one lig. dor- 

 sale to os trapezium ; longer and 

 looser than 1. and 2. 



4. Os metacarp. /., thumb, has Kg. 

 capsulare, a loose, large ligament, 

 which passes from os trapezium to 



1. Ligg. volaria 2. sublimi et pro- 

 fundum to trapezium. 



2. Ligg. vol. 3. externum to oS tra- 

 pezium ; medium to os magnum ; 

 internum to os unciforme. 



3. Lig. vol. 1., to os unciforme. 



4. Os metacarpi V. has lig. capsulare, 

 incomplete, much stronger before 

 than behind, where the tendon of 



