216 SPECIAL ANATOMY. 



and the inferior surface is at the same time divided into four lobes, viz., a left, 

 an anterior central, a posterior central, and a right lobe. 



REMARK. Many anatomists distinguish only a right (six times larger than 

 left) and a left inferior lobe, the boundary between them being the left longi- 

 tudinal fissure. 



a a. The lobes. 1. The left lobe of the liver, lobus hepaticus sinister, smaller 

 (also on the superior surface) than the right, lies on the left side of the H, is 

 before concave (for the convexity of the stomach), as well as behind (for the 

 lobul. Spigelii, which the small omentum separates from it). It reaches 

 sometimes as far as the Spleen. 



2. Anterior central, lobulus quadratics, before the transverse fissure, in the 

 centre of the H, quadrangular, small, terminates behind (frequently), nipple- 

 shaped. 



2. Posterior central lobe, lobulus Spigelii s. caudatus, behind the transverse 

 fissure, between the posterior part of the right and left lobes of the liver, to 

 the right of the Cardia, on the Curvatura minor ; flat, crescentic, convex on 

 the free inferior border, which corresponds to the superior border of the 

 Pancreas; in the centre provided with a tubercle, tuberculum papillare s. 

 triangulare, surrounded by an anterior vascular ring (Jl. coronar. ventric., hepatic., 

 spknica) ; a small longitudinal projection (tuberc. caudatwn) passes on the, an- 

 terior part, obliquely, from the Port a to the right lobe, forwards, and separates 

 the impressio renalis from the impress, colica. 



4. Right lobe of the liver, lobus dexter, smaller than upon the superior 

 surface, to the right of the two last described, separated from it by the right 

 longitudinal fissure, thicker than the left lobe, presents behind an impressio 

 renalis, to which is applied the superior third or half of the right kidney, 

 and before an impressio colica, for the flexura coli dext., and sometimes the 

 duodenum. 



bb. Fossae or fissures: 1. The transverse fossa, porta, porta s. sinus vena 

 porta (hilus hepatis), lies rather behind the centre, between the two longitudi- 

 nal fossae, and separates the lobulus quadratus from I. Spigelii; is fifteen to 

 eighteen lines long and deep. It contains: Vena porta, Art. hepatica, the roots 

 of duclus hepaticus, numerous lymphatics, plex. hepaticus from Nerv. sympathi- 

 es, surrounded by uniting tissue, capsuli Glissonii. Here commences also the 

 lig. gastro-hepaticum. 



2. The right longitudinal fossa : 



a. Anterior half, fossa vesicce fellecE, lies between lobus dexter and 

 quadratus ; is not deep, and does not reach so far as the anterior border 

 of the liver ; receives the gall bladder. 



b. Posterior half, fossa ven. cava, is sometimes closed in the form 

 of a canal ; it contains the inferior Ven. cava, into which the hepatic veins 

 open. 



3. The left longitudinal fissure : 



a. Anterior half, fossa umbilicalis, is sometimes closed up like a canal, 

 lies between lobus sinister and quadratus, and contains : the umbilical 

 vein of the Embryo (that is, lig. teres, after birth). 



b. Posterior half,/ossa ductus venosi, between lobus sinister and Spigelii; 

 containing in the embryo the ductus venoms Jlrantii, which, connected with 

 the umbilical cord and the left branch of the ven. portce, the blood of which 

 it carries into the vena cava inf., sinks bshiud bb. Spigelii into Ven. cava 

 inferior. It is obliterated after birth. 



