328 SPECIAL ANATOMY. 



behind m. psoas, gives off a muscular branch for m. psoas and quadrat, 

 lumborum, and a spinal branch through foram. intervert., between the 

 last lumbar vertebra and sacrum to the spinal cord. 



b. Ram. iliacus; passes transversely outwards upon the fossa iliaca, with a 

 superficial branch on the inner, with a deep on the outer surface of the 

 Iliacus, and supplies the muscles of the periosteum. 



4. Sacra lateralis; very frequently two on either side. Origin : frequently 

 from art. glut&a. Course : inwards and downwards, on the anterior surface 

 of the Sacrum (external to the foram. sacralia anterr.): anastomoses in front 

 with sacra media, and gives branches to the posterior internal bony walls. 

 Besides these : rami spinales, which enter through foramen sacralia anterr. 

 into the canalis spinalis to the nerves, and through forr. sacrr. posterr. to the 

 spinal muscles. 



5. Glutaa (superior) s. iliaca posterior, the glutaeal artery. The largest 

 branch of the kypogastrica passes out from the pelvis, curving backwards and 

 outwards : passes between the first sacral and fifth lumbar nerves to the 

 highest part ofincisura ischiadica, above the superior border ofm. pyriformis, 

 and immediately divides into a superficial branch, which ramifies under 

 glut&us maximus on the posterior and superior part of it, and into a deeper 

 branch, which passes between m. glutaus med. and minimus on the superior 

 border forwards and upwards. Nutritia llei passes inside the pelvis at the 

 inferior part of os llei. 



579. Terminal branches of the hypogastrica : 



6. Ischiadica s. glut&a inferior. Origin : often in common with glutcea or 

 pudenda interna. Course : before the glutcea; passes out of the pelvis under 

 m. pyriformis, and above lig. sacro-spinosum through incisura ischiadica. 

 Position: on the inner side of N. Ischiad., behind the pudenda. Branches: 

 internal pass transversely between m. glut&us max. and lig. tuberosa sacrum, 

 and to the skin of the coccyx; several descend with N. Ischiad., others 

 to the rotator muscles; anastomoses with art. circumflexa ilii, behind collum 

 femoris. 



7. Pudenda (communis s. pudica interna). Course : passes out before the 

 plexus sacral, downwards, between m. pyriform. (below it) and lig. spinoso- 

 sacrum from the incis. isckiad. major, turns round the external surface of the 

 Spina, and passes between lig. sacro-spinos. and tuberosum through incis. 

 isckiadic. minor again within the pelvis ; then ascends on the inner surface of 

 tuber Ischii, the rami of the ischia and pubis, as high as the symphysis pubis; 

 at that place lying close to the bones upon m. trans, perincei and ischio-caver- 

 nosus. Branches: small for the urinary bladder, rectum, vesiculae seminales, 

 Prostata or Vagina ; close to the spina isch.ii branches to the rotator muscles ; 

 on the tuber Ischii external muscular branches, and an anastomosis with art- 

 iscliiad. between tuber Ischii and trochanter; the internal are : 



a. Artt. hcemorrhoidales infer, s. externce for the rectum, sphincter, and leva- 

 tor ani. 



