THE NERVES. 389 



1. 2V! temporal, superficial, s. auricularis anterior. The tem- 

 poro-auricular nerve corresponds to the lacrymalis and subcuta- 

 neus of the first and second division. Origin : outside and behind 

 the third division, with two roots, which surround the art. menin- 

 gea media, and contain two filaments of gangl. oticum. Course : 

 backwards and rather downwards behind thecollum condyli of the 

 lower jaw, where it divides into an ascending and descending 

 branch. 



a. Ram. temporalis inclines backwards and upwards around 

 condylus, between the articulation and external auditory mea- 

 tus, perforates the parotis, and passes, in company with art. 

 temporal., into the temporal region close beneath the skin, in 

 which it ramifies to the vertex. At the condyle it gives one 

 (important), sometimes two, 



ram. communicantes to n.facialis, farther branches to the 

 temporo-maxillary articulation, to the skin of the meatus 

 auditor, extern., to the tympanic membrane ; in the tem- 

 poral region a connecting branch with n. temporal, pro- 

 fund., and a plexus for art. temporalis. 



b. Ram. auricularis forms a plexus behind the condylus about 

 the art. maxillar. interna, perforates the parotis with five to 

 six branches which pass to the lobe of the ear ; others anasto- 

 mose with filaments of plexus cervicalis ; one branch unites 

 with n. dentalis ; another enters the maxillary articulation. 



Ganglion oticum (Arnoldi). This flat, oval otic ganglion 

 is situated close under theforam. ovale on the inner side of 

 n. maxillar. infer., where the portio minor trigemini joins 

 it closely ; internal to the cartilaginous tuba Eustachii and 

 the origin of m. circumjlexus palati mottis, before art. me- 

 ningea media. It has three roots : 



1. The long one comes from n. tympanicus of glosso-pha- 

 ryngeus. 



2. The short from portio minor (especially ofpterygoid. in* 

 ternus) of the trigeminus. 



3. The central, soft, from the first cervical ganglion of sym- 

 pathies, the filaments of which pass along the art. menin- 

 gea media. From it, constantly, arise, from the upper 

 portion : 



1 . Nerv. ad tensorem tympani, a soft, grayish-red filament, 

 passing along by means of tuba Eustachii to the tensor 

 of the tympanic membrane. Another nerve comes from 

 n. pterygoid. inter nus to this muscle, which perforates 

 the otic ganglion, and receives a little of its substance ; 



