THE TRUNK. 445 



with the cutaneous branches of sixth to eighth nerv. intercostal. ; 

 proc. ensiform., linea alba, m. rectus in its sheath ; vasa mamma- 

 ria ; laterally, m. transversus and pars costal, diaphragma. The 

 following parts are met with : 



1. The left lobe of the liver ; 2. the cardia ; 3. pars pylorica of 

 stomach ; 4. the small amentum and a part of the large ; 5. the 

 second and third portions of duodenum ; 6. Pancreas surrounded 

 by lymphatic glands, with truncus cadiacm ; 7. the large vessels, 

 cruradiaphragmat.; first and second lumbar vertebrae. 



b. Hypochondrium dextrum, contains the costal portion of the 

 diaphragm and lig. suspensorium hepatis, is filled up by the liver. 

 The fundus of the gall bladder corresponds to the cartilage of the 

 ninth rib. We find therein : 1. Flexura coli dextra. 2. The first 

 portion of duodenum and cap. pancreat. 3. Before the foram. 

 Winslow. : art. hepatica in front [to the left] ; ductus hepatic., 

 cystic, and commencement of chokdochus in the centre [to the 

 right] ; ven. porta [between the two], and termination of n. vagus 

 dexter behind. The right lobe of the liver rests against the right 

 kidney and supra-renal capsules above and behind. 



c. Hypochondrium sinistrum, contains the fundus ventriculi ; 

 above and before a small process of the left lobe of the liver ; be- 

 hind and to the left the spleen with lig. gastro-splenicum, between 

 the anterior lamina of which the vasa brevia, between the posterior 

 the vasa lienalia and the cauda pancreatis. Behind the stomach 

 and below the spleen: the superior extremity of colon, descend., 

 the left kidney, and caps, supra renales. 



Both regg. hypochondr. present, 1. A thick skin. 2. Fibro-cel- 

 lular containing adipose tissue, cutaneous veins and branches of 

 the inferior nn. intercostales. 3. A thin aponeurosis and fascia 

 superficial. 4. Mm. obliq. extern, and latissim. dorsi. 5. OosUe 

 spurice with mm. intercostales. 6. Diaphragm ; on the inferior 

 surface of which (abdominal cavity) the peritoneum ; on the su- 

 perior surface (thoracic cavhy) pleura costalis and phrenica. 



69*7. 2. Regio mesogastrica. This is the part below the last 

 ribs and above the hip bones ; distinguished in the centre as regio 

 umbilicalis, at the sides regg. lumbales, loins. The abdominal 

 wall is here thick ; the peritoneum is firmly attached in the proxi- 

 mity of the navel to the linea alba, in which openings for vessels 

 are found, especially above the navel. The abdominal wall in the 

 region of the loins consists of, 1. Skin. 2. Areolar tissue (fasc. 

 superfic.) in a thick layer between m. obliq. extern, and longissim. 

 dorsi; passing, below the twelfth rib, into the areolar tissue of the 



