small, 2 by ij, flat, regular, Colour, yellow to orange, 

 with russet ; generally warted. Flesh, firm, yellow, 

 aromatic. Eye, small, generally closed, in an even 

 and shallow basin. Stem, short and thin in a rather 

 small cavity. Growth, moderate ; fertility moderate. 

 Leaf, small, longish oval, upfolded, sharply and irre- 

 gularly serrate. Origin, French, dating from the 

 seventeenth century. The correct name is Fenouillet 

 Gris. Leroy considers this the Epice d'Hiver of Olivier 

 de Serres. A reliable sort still grown in old orchards. 



CARLISLE CASTLE. Culinary, October to Nov- 

 ember, small, if by 2j, very flat, quite even. Colour, 

 pale yellow, nearly covered with bright scarlet flush 

 and stripes, smooth, greasy. Flesh, white, juicy, firm, 

 sub-acid. Eye, closed in a deepish, wide and even 

 basin. Stem, very short in a wide russet cavity. Of 

 no value. Resembles Thorle, but the closed eye and 

 deep basin serve at once to distinguish it. 



CARLISLE CODLIN. Ronalds, p. 3. (Irish Codlin, 

 Musk.) Culinary, August to December, fairly large, 

 3 by 3, conical, regular. Colour, yellow with slight 

 red flush. Flesh, crisp, white and sweet. Eye, closed 

 in a narrow ribbed basin. Stem, medium in a rather 

 deep cavity. Growth, vigorous ; fertility great. Leaf, 

 large, sharply pointed, finely serrate. Origin, probably 

 originated near Carlisle, before 1830. Now superseded 

 by more modern sorts. 



Carse O'Gowrie : see Tower of Glamis. 



CATSHEAD. Her. Pom., L. F., Tete du Chat; 

 G., Schafsnase. (Katzenkopf, Catshead Greening.) 

 Culinary, October to January, large, 3$ by 3^, long 

 oblong, conical, irregular. Colour, pale yellowish- 

 green, faint brown flush. Flesh, tender, white, sub-acid. 

 Growth, strong ; fertile when aged. Leaf, large, round, 

 pale, flat, curved serrate. Origin, Old English sort, 

 known from seventeenth century. Not worthy of 

 cultivation. Superseded by others such as Lord Derby. 



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