36 CLADOPHORA. 



3. Whether filaments are furnished with a sheath. 



4. How a new branch develops from a ccenocyte. 



5. By means of a specially stained specimen locate the numer- 

 ous nuclei to be found in one ccenocyte. 



6. Draw an entire segment and part of one from which a new 

 branch is developing. 



III. REPRODUCTION. 



1. By use of the low power try to locate ccenocytes in which 

 the protoplasm has divided into a large number of small 

 spores. 



2. With high magnification study the form and movement of 

 the spores. By staining with iodin it is sometimes possible 

 to see the cilia by means of which movement occurs. 



3. Study some spores which have come to rest on the sides 

 of the dish and note the changes as they are beginning to 

 produce new individual plants. 



4. Try to determine whether any of these ciliated bodies 

 unite to form zygospores. 



5. Make drawings illustrating the reproduction of Cla- 

 dophora. 



ANNOTATIONS. 



The vegetative structure of Cladophora is more com- 

 plex than that of any other plant studied. The 

 divisions usually called individual cells are really com- 

 posed of a wall enveloping what are the essential parts 

 of many cells. The nuclei of the several cells held in 

 the common wall may be seen by means of special stains. 

 These segments are so arranged as to compose a very 

 greatly branched plant, which because of this branching 

 is enabled to expose more chlorophyll to the light. That 



