348 



XXV. REPRODUCTION OF THE BRYOPHYTA. 



mencement of the neck, which here appears only a little narrower 

 than the ventral portion. The chlorophyll contents of the cells 

 make the archegonium anything but transparent, and hence the 

 oosphere and the canal-cells of the neck usually need addition 

 of potash to make them visible. In the axils of the perichaetial 



FIG. 127. ^1, origin of the sporogonium 

 (//) in the ventral portion, (bb) of the 

 archegonium, seen in longitudinal section 

 (x 500). R, C, different further stages of 

 development of the sporogonium (/), and 

 of the calyptra (c) ; h, neck of the archego- 

 nium (x about 40). (After Sachs.) 



FIG. 126. Funaria hygrometrica. 

 A , longitudinal section of the summit 

 of a weak female plant (x 100) ; a, 

 archegonia ; b, leaves. B, an arche- 

 gonium (x 550), ventral portion with 

 the oosphere ; h, neck ; m, mouth 

 still closed ; the cells of the axial row 

 are beginning to be converted into 

 mucilage. (7, the part near the mouth 

 of the neck of a fertilised archego- 

 nium, with dark-red cell- walls. (After 

 Sachs.) 



leaves stand numerous paraphyses, Each consists of a row of 

 short cells, swelling somewhat upwards. The lowermost cells of 

 these paraphyses have often become brown. 



Sporogonium of Mnium. Fertilisation in the Mosses takes 

 place in all essentials as in the Liverworts, already described. 



