228 Anatomy Applied to Medicine and Suigety. 



The appendix is, as a rule, found at McBurney's 

 point, i.e., a point about one and a half inches from the an- 

 terior iliac spine, on a line drawn from the spine to the 

 umbilicus. Another landmark for the appendix is a point 

 about three inches above the middle of Poupart's liga- 

 ment. 



The line for the ascending colon corresponds to one 

 drawn from the middle of Poupart's ligament, on the 

 right side, upwards, and terminating at the ninth rib in a 

 line with the tip of the tenth. The descending colon may 

 be represented by a line drawn upwards from the middle 

 of Poupart's on the left side, to the eighth rib at a point 

 about half an inch external to the tip of the ninth rib. As 

 seen from the side this upper end or splenic flexure of the 

 descending colon is about one inch posterior to the upper 

 end or hepatic flexure of the ascending colon. Posterior- 

 ly, the colon corresponds to a line drawn upwards from a 

 point half an inch internal to the middle of the crest of the 

 ilium. A curved line joining the upper terminations of 

 the lines for the ascending and the descending colon, and 

 having its convexity downwards to within about two fin- 

 gers' breadth from the umbilicus, will agre'e fairly well with 

 the usual situation of the transverse colon. The course of 

 the sigmoid cannot be mapped out with any degree of ac- 

 curacy, but may be roughly represented by the inner por- 

 tion of a curved line, with convexity towards Poupart's 

 ligament, drawn from the middle of the crest of the ilium 

 and passing towards the pelvis, about midway between 

 this ligament and the lumbo-sacral angle. 



Reflex Nervous Disturbances of the intestine. 

 The local nervous supply for the intestine consists of 

 two plexuses, one Meissner's situated in the submu- 

 cous coat and giving branches to the intestinal glands, 

 etc., and the other Auerbach's lying between the longi- 



