22 



ANATOMY OF THE DOMESTIC FOWL 



neck; the plates of the corneal margin of the sclerotic tunic of the 

 eye; and the stapes of the ear. Ossification in birds at the attach- 

 ments of the semi-lunar valves of the aorta and of the pulmonary 

 artery has been reported by Owen. 



The bony structure is compact, and the bones contain a greater 

 proportion of phosphate of lime than do the osseous structures 

 of mammals. Especially is this the case in those parts of the 

 skeleton which are permeated by air. 



THE DIVISIONS OP THE SKELETON 



(Cranium 

 Face 

 The Axial skeleton I Cervical region 



-n i - ! Ribs 

 Dorsal region 1 OA 



I Sternum 

 Lumbar region 

 Sacral region 

 Coccygeal region 



The Vertebral column 



The Appendicular skeleton 



Shoulder girdle 



Scapula 

 Coracoid 



Fore limb 



Pelvic girdle 

 (Hip bone) 



Hind limb 



Clavicle 

 Arm {Humerus 



Radius 

 Forearm 



Ulna 

 Carpus 

 Hand Metacarpus 



Phalanges 

 Ilium 

 Ischium 

 Pubis 

 Thigh {Femur 



Tibia 

 Leg 



Foot 



Fibula 

 Metatarsus 



Phalanges 



The bodies of birds contain many air reservoirs to make them 

 light that flying may be more easy. Many bones have their weight 

 in proportion to size and strength thus greatly reduced. In very 

 young birds the cavities of bones contain, instead of air spaces, 

 loosely arranged red marrow, which is in most bones later absorbed. 



