270 ANATOMY OF THE DOMESTIC FOWL 



It gives an ascending branch to the gland of Harder, one to the 

 conjunctiva, one to the membrana nictitans, and one to the eyelids. 

 It also gives a branch to the skin below the eye and to the angle 

 of the mouth. This latter branch is called the recurrent subcutaneous. 

 These two branches communicate with the recurrent nasal ciliaris 

 of the first trigeminus branch. The second branch passes below the 

 nasal opening, then passes on and forms the alveolar nerve on the side 

 between the gums. It sends several recurrent posterior branches 

 to the elevations on the back part of the mouth. It extends for- 

 ward to the point of the beak. 



The inferior maxillary division of the fifth is larger than the 

 other two. It is directed downward and outward then upward to 

 the temporal region. At the temporal region it divides into five 

 parts. It gives a branch to the temporalis muscle, one to the 

 pterygoid muscle, and one to the mylo-hyoideus. The main branch 

 gives twigs to the parotid gland region and enters into the dental 

 canal of the lower jaw. Numerous filaments break through the 

 lower jaw bone, and then spread out on the skin and rim of that bone. 

 The largest branch, called the recurrent maxillaris externa, comes 

 out near the coronoid process. The rest of the trunk extends to, 

 and comes out of, several foramina at the anterior point of the jaw 

 bone. 



These filaments are contained in grooves or cavities of the 

 lower jaw and terminate in touch buds. 



The trifacialis fuses with the other cranial nerves and with the 

 sympathetic nervous system. Some of these fusions are as follows: 

 The recurrent ophthalmica fuses with the orbito-nasalis ganglion. 

 Indirect fusion of the recurrent maxillary division of this nerve 

 takes place near the Gasserian ganglion through the sympathetic 

 nerves, the temporo-lacrimalis, the facial nerves, the large cervical 

 ganglion, and indirectly with the glosso-pharyngeal and the vagus. 

 This fusion has been called the superior recurrent branch of the 

 trigeminus, or trifacialis. 



There is a direct fusion of the superior recurrent maxillary di- 

 vision of the fifth just before entering the upper jaw. This fusion 

 is with the spheno-palatine ganglion and the sympathetic carotidis 

 cephalica, and also with the large cervical ganglion. 



The Abducens (Fig. 62, No. C, 13). This nerve originates in the 

 somatic and motoric column along with the other nerves of the eye 

 muscles. Its nucleus lies in the circle of the pars commissuralis of 



