The Lower Extremity and Pelvis 



129 



Adductor brevis comes in between the Obturator and the lower half of longus 

 and extends down to just below the level of the lower end of the symphysis, being 

 separated from the Obturator in its lower half or so by Adductor magnus and 

 coming into relation, below the level of longus, with Gracilis superficially. 



Adductor magnus, in its pubic origin, is up against Obturator externus, sepa- 

 rating it in front from Adductor brevis for a little distance above the level of the 

 lower end of the symphysis : below this it arises from the whole of the ramus left 

 between the Obturator and the lower margin, where Gracilis arises. So the area of 

 origin extends back on to the ischial portion of the ramus, where it soon exhibits a 

 change in position : examine the lower edge, and a shallow depression of its prominent 



FIG. 109. Right os innominatum 

 viewed from above, showing 

 the iliac fossa, etc. The Iliacus 

 passes forward over the anterior 

 border, covering the surface D, 

 while the Psoas magnus, lying 

 along its inner margin, comes 

 into relation with the bone 

 over C. B marks the area 

 covered by Pectineus, the 

 origin of the muscle being 

 shown in black. The back 

 part of the iliac lossa is lined 

 with ligamentous fibres, in the 

 region x, from which Iliacus 

 arises. The iliac fascia, which 

 covers Iliacus and Psoas, is 

 attached along the dotted line 

 ./. : where this is deficient 

 in front the fascia reaches 

 Poupart's ligament. Psoas 

 parvus is inserted into the 

 fascia, and a strong slip from 

 its tendon reaches the ilio- 

 pectineal line at ps.p. with the 

 ' fascia. Pectineus lies deep to 

 the fascial plane, so that the 

 iliac and pubic fasciae blend on 

 the muscle : an expansion from 

 the combined fasciae passes 

 deep to the inner edge of Psoas 

 and reaches the bone at a. 

 The conjoint tendon is con- 

 tinuous with the front sheath 

 of Rectus along the groove g 

 on the inner side of the pubic 

 spine. Compare with Figs. 104 

 and no. Art. and N are for 

 iliac branch of ilio-lumbar 

 artery and obturator nerve, separated from the bone by the Iliacus in this situation, 

 occasional foramen for the iliac branch of the obturator artery, deep to Iliacus. 



Ktchs 

 F marks an 



border will be noticed at X, and here the origin of the muscle passes from the outer 

 aspect of the ramus on to its thick under surface. Here it extends on the tuberosity, 

 occupying the outer of the two planes of this under surface, as far as the facets on 

 the back of the tuberosity (see also Fig. 107). 



Gracilis extends along the margin from half-way up the symphysis to the depres- 

 sion X (Fig. 104). It is a linear aponeurotic origin. 



The upper ramus of the pubis has the pubo-femoral band attached along its 

 prominent front margin. Above this the bone (B) is covered by Pectineus, but this 

 muscle only arises from a line along the back border of the upper surface and a wider 

 area just outside the pubic spine. Gimbernat's ligament and the conjoint tendon 

 are attached to the postero-internal margin immediately behind Pectineus (see later). 



