IMPLEMENTS TIMES OF SOWING. K 



I have all along endeavoured to induce the people 

 to manure their fields ; but they laugh at the idea. 



16th. Both oxen and buffaloes are used in the 

 husbandry of this valley, the latter only by the 

 poorer people. I think oxen better than mules. 



17th. The plough is the simple one used through- 

 out India, the carts are made with solid teak wheels, 

 bound with heavy iron tyres and with iron boxes. 

 The wheels cost from 40 to 80 rupees a pair, and 

 last for three or four generations, descending to the 

 heirs ; they are considered of vast importance in a 

 family. The bukiia, or barrow, a flat iron about two 

 feet long by three inches deep, set into a block of 

 wood, is I believe, used also in most parts of India. 

 I could send models with ease, or the things them- 

 selves. 



18th. I have already mentioned sowing time for 

 Khurreef (autumn harvest) crops ; June and July, 

 and cutting in October and November. Kubbee crops 

 (spring harvest) sowed in October and November, 

 cut in February and March. 



19th. In the Baitool division of the district, from 

 the Baitool cantonments north for fifty miles, the 

 country is a jungly waste, hilly and bad soil general- 

 ly, but of course, some good. The climate prevents 



