EMIGRATION FROM SWEDEN 13 



the Roman empire, the route along the line of the Vistula and Dnieper to the 

 south-east and to the estuaries of the Rhine to the south-west, indicates that, in 

 accordance with JORDANES' statements, their original home is just Scandinavia. 



Finally in this connection we may recall the above-mentioned Dani, who are 

 identical with the modern Danes. It is true that this people is not one of those 

 who left the Scandinavian region, but the information JORDANES has given about 

 them indicates, however, that they represent a similar tribal displacement from 

 north to south within Scandinavia itself. According to the interpretation of JOR 

 DANES' words in the place referred to it is most probable on both internal and 

 external grounds, that they have proceeded from the tribe of the Svear and displaced 

 the Heruli from what is now Scania. As, according to older and mediaeval 

 linguistic usage, the name Svear refers to a tribe dwelling on the north side of 

 Lake Malar, it is there we must look for the point of departure of the under* 

 taking that led to the conquest of the Heruli and caused their appearance in the 

 continent of Europe. 



Not only ancient tradition but modern scholarship as well bears witness to 

 Scandinavia as a vagina gentium, a womb of the peoples*. I shall here only 

 mention in passing that contemporary philologists, archaeologists, and anthropolo- 

 gists have gradually agreed that the original home of the Teutonic peoples was 

 in the region round the western Baltic and the south-east of the North sea, which 

 would thus comprise the southern parts of the Scandinavian peninsula, the Danish 

 islands, Jutland, and North Germany between the Ems and the lower Oder. 

 Observations that archaeological investigators consider they have made and that 

 I shall touch on briefly here, have a more direct connection with the subject 

 under discussion. 



The Finnish archaeologist A. M. TALLGREN has observed that at the beginning 

 of the late bronze age about 1000 B. C. there was in east Russia at the big bend 

 of the Volga a type of axe that has been found at Lake Malar and occurs there 

 and in the west of Finland. The middle Swedish axe has given rise to new 

 local forms in Russia. According to TALLGREN'S view the extension of this axe 

 to the region of the Russian bronze age cannot be due merely to commercial 

 connections but to a Swedish colonization of East Russia. 



The German archaeologist GUSTAF KOSSINNA* asserts that a special culture that 

 distinguishes the region between the lower Vistula and the lower Oder during the 

 oldest iron age (750150 B. C.) is maintained by Germanic tribes who had 

 crossed the Baltic from the islands and mainland of Scandinavia. His view 

 seems to be accepted by a number of authorities. According to KOSSINNA these 

 tribes are identical with the later Vandals mentioned by the classical writers and 

 known from the history of the period of migrations. A part of these Vandals 

 was the tribe of the Silingi, whose name is seen in the name of Silesia. The 

 name Silingi has been connected with Selund, the oldest form of the name Sjaelland. 



During the two centuries immediately before the beginning of our epoch 

 there appear, according to Kossinna, two new Scandinavian tribes in the north- 

 east of Germany. These tribes are the Rugii and the Burgundians. The name 

 of the former is seen in the old Norwegian county Rogaland and the mod. 



* See the bibliography in J. KOSTRZEWSKI, Die ostgermanische Kultur der Spatlatenezeit I, p. 4 (MannuS'Bibliothck 18). 



