. 2. 



SPITSBERGEN WATERS. 



Om 



100- 



in the sum- 

 mer of 1912 

 than in the 

 summer of 

 1910. This 

 is perhaps 

 better seen if our 

 charts giving the hori- 

 zontal distribution of sali- 

 nity and temperature in 



the summer of 1912, at the depths of 50, 100, 200, 

 300, and 400 metres (Figs. 59) be compared with 

 the corresponding charts drawn by HELLAND-HAnsEN 

 and myself for the summer of 1910 [1912, Pis. II & 

 III]. The differences are striking, and it is easily 

 seen that the Atlantic Current must have been much 

 more developed near the Spitsbergen coast in 1910 

 than in 1912. E. g. at 300 and 400 metres all water 

 near the Spitsbergen shelf, examined in 1910, had 

 salinities above 35.00 / 00 , while in 1912 all salini- 

 ties observed at these depths were below and even 

 much below this value, except at the southernmost 

 station, Stat. 57, at 300 metres. There are also similar 

 striking differences at the other depths, of 200, 100, 



and 50 metres, indicat- 

 ing that the Spitsbergen 

 Atlantic Current must 

 have been compara- 

 tively little developed 

 in 1912. 



If the chart Fig. 10, showing the distribution of Temperature and Sali- 

 nity at the Sea-Surface during our homeward voyage, September ist to 

 5th, 1912, is compared with the corresponding chart for September 6th to 

 9th, 1910, in HELLAND-HANSEN'S and my paper on the Spitsbergen Sea 

 [1912, PI. I], it is seen that the Atlantic surface-water with salinities above 

 35.00 / 00 , and also above 34.90 / 00 had probably a wider distribution to- 

 wards the north-east in September 1912 than in September 1910, at least 

 between 76 and 74 N. where our route was near that of the Isachsen 

 Expedition. But the surface-temperature was considerable lower during 



Vid.-Selsk. Skrifter. I. M.-N. Kl. 1915. No. 2. Z 



JOOO- 



1200- 



Fig. 12. Section from Station 13, at the Lilliehook Glacier, 

 along Cross. Bay (Stat. 14) to Stat. 17 west of the Spits- 

 bergen coast (see Fig. i). Scales same as in Fig. n. 



