1915- No. 2. 



SPITSBERGEN WATERS. 



35 



and at a few stations only, especially at Stat. 25 in the middle of Wood 

 Bay, there are indications of an intermediate layer with a minimum tempe- 

 rature at about 50 metres. At some stations there is a slight minimum at 

 100 metres. 



It seems probable that the cold deep-water of these fjords, especially 

 of Wijde Bay, must be a local formation of the inner fjord, as a corre- 

 sponding cold water was not observed on the shelf outside the fjord. It 

 may be cold water that has been formed by vertical circulation during the 

 cooling of the sea-surface in the inner fjord in the winter and spring; and 



36 



J4 33 30 



i. n /3 vni. 12 n. viu. 12 

 02 33 It, ]$ 33 05 -JO 3327 



^772, 



100 



200 



300 



WO- 



500 



COO- 



F'g- 33- Section from Stat. 30 at the mouth of 

 Hinlopen Strait to Stat. 36, Aug. n 14, 1912 

 (see Fig. i). Scales same as in Figs. 11 13. 



Fig. 34. Section from Stat. 36 across the 

 shelf to Stat. 39 and the Spitsbergen coast, 

 Aug. 14 15, 1912 (see Fig. i). Scales 

 same in Figs, n 13. 



these layers of cold water, filling the deep parts of the fjords, had not, 

 even in August, been washed out by the horizontal circulation. 



It is a striking feature that in both our sections across Wood Bay and 

 Wijde Bay the lowest temperature, especially of the deeper layers, was 

 found at the easternmost stations, near the eastern coast of the fjords. This 

 was especially conspicuous in Wijde Bay, where, at Station 29, at depths 

 of 100 and 130 metres, the temperature sank even below zero. It is 

 difficult to say what the reason of this strange distribution of the waters 

 may be. 



If the cold water observed at 100 and 130 metres, at Stat. 29 in Wijde 

 Bay, originated from the inner part of the fjord, and was flowing outwards, 



