2. 



SPITSBERGEN WATERS. 



49 



Where simultaneous observations were taken in the deep strata near the 

 bottom, the computed actual current at the different depths have been added 

 in the 4th and 5th column. 



During August 4th to 6th, at Stations 19 and 20, few simultaneous ob- 

 servations were taken with two current-meters, and only a few observa- 

 tions were taken in the deep strata near the bottom. Instead of this, at- 

 tempts were made to measure the drift of the ship by means of the sounding- 

 line and the lead lying on the bottom; and the current measurements made 

 during these days give therefore less complete results. 



It is therefore preferable to discuss first the series of observations at 

 Stat. 41, during August i8th and i9th. 



Current Measurements at Stat. 41, on August iSth and lyth, 1912. 



By means of the direct observations at Stat. 41, curves of relative 

 velocity and direction have been constructed in Figures 36 and 37, for 

 depths of 10, 20, 50, and 100 metres and for the strata near the bottom 

 (depths between 470 and 300 metres). In these figures the hours are marked 

 along the axis of abscissas, the direction (magnetic) and velocity (in cm. per 

 second) along the axis of ordinates. The curves for the depth of 10 metres 

 show great irregularity, which must obviously be due to the fact that the 

 movements of the water at this level are much influenced by the movements 

 of the ice which descended much deeper at its thickest parts. Thus the 

 free movement of the water was probably much hindered at this level, and 

 sudden irregularities might be caused by vortices, etc. Only three observa- 

 tions were taken at 200 metres, and these are not sufficient for the con- 

 struction of curves for this depth; but an attempt has been made to draw 



Vid.-Selsk. Skrifter. I. M.-N. Kl. 1915. No. 2. 4 



