21 



of sucrose during evaporation would not be balanced by the return of 

 sugar. The chances for extremes of dilution are much greater in 

 maceration than by diffusion, allowing both to be in charge of inex- 

 perienced persons, and taken all iu all, though the gain by good macer- 

 ation is great where a house has to be changed at all for either of the 

 two processes, there should not be the slighest hesitancy in choosing 

 diffusion. Easy to handle and effective, the latter has everything in 

 its favor, and, since it has been proven that the exhausted chips can be 

 burned, there is nothing against it. Come it will sooner or later, and 

 he who introduces it first will reap the greatest benefit. 



AVAILABLE SUGAR. 



While in my opinion it is unnecessary and useless in sugar-housfc 

 work to have an arbitrary formula for predicting results, as from the 

 very nature of the material nothing constant can be secured, still as it 

 has hitherto been customary by the Department to use some such 

 standard, I will report Calumet's work in the same way. The formula 

 which has been mostly used for this purpose has been one and a half 

 times the glucose present in the juice deducted from the sucrose. The 

 product thus expressed is sugar of 100 polarization, which should go 

 to market as crystal. 



At Fort Scott, Kans., campaign of 1887, working sorghum cane the 

 crystallized product obtained was expressed by deducting 1.42 times the 

 glucose from the sucrose, this being slightly better work than according 

 to the ordinary formula. The following table gives the results of each 

 of the five runs into which the campaign was divided at Calumet. This 

 table gives both the amount of sugar according to the regular formula 

 and that which was actually secured; also a formula expressing the 

 results. It will be seen that even in the one sugar-house the widest 

 variations exist. 



This is up to the present time the best work with cane-juice ever pub- 

 lished, there being a difference of .55 between Calumet's average factor 

 for available sugar and that of the Fort Scott works, the latter the best 

 previously recorded. 



