23 



be impossible, but coupled to this the mechanical loss at the double 

 effect in the acid run was the largest of the season, while in the neutral 

 it was the smallest. This loss can not, in my opinion, be attributed to 

 the different methods of clarification, but merely to the handling of the 

 double effect. Even if the different losses in the two runs were due to 

 the different viscosity of the juices, as was suggested might be possible by 

 Mr. W. J. Thompson, the loss itself will be entirely avoided in another 

 year, and ought not to enter into a discussion of the results. 



As far as a loss by inversion is concerned, there need be no discus- 

 sion, because by either process there was at Calumet no such loss, or 

 practically none, the acid run having only 317 pounds, which is too 

 small to be considered, and the neutral having none of course. This 

 absence of inversion in the acid run disposes of the most important 

 objection to that method of clarification and reduces the discussion to 

 the comparative amount of sugar recovered by the two methods and 

 the market value of the product after it is recovered. In the acid run 

 91.61 per cent, of the sucrose in the juice was put on the market as crys- 

 tallized sugar, while in the neutral 95.31 per cent, was recovered. If, 

 however, the mechanical loss at the double effect, mentioned above, 

 had been the same the sugar obtained would have been very nearly 

 equal, while all the products of the acid clarification had from .062 to 

 .25 cents per pound the advantage in price on the gross sales. 



As far, then, as this season's work was carried at Calumet the ad- 

 vantage lies entirely with the acid clarification. By careful and expe- 

 ditious working of the juice inversion was almost prevented; as large 

 an amount of sugar can be recovered from the juice and the market 

 value of the products are invariably higher. 



Table showing comparative per cents of albuminoids in raiv, sulphured, and clarified juices. 



It will be seen from the table that SO 2 combined with or destroyed 

 some of the nitrogen present in the juice. Whether this is albuminoid 

 matter or not I can not say, but as ail the nitrogen is calculated to al- 

 buminoids the percentage is very sensibly decreased in the sulphured 



