18 ENOLOGICAL STUDIES. 



however, was made of fruit crushed in a power mill and then passed 

 through a hydraulic press. It is doubtful, considering the condition 

 of these vines, whether the quality of the grapes was improved by 

 allowing them to hang on the vines during the cold wet October days. 



The Montefiore grapes show an insignificant loss of sugar for the 

 period as a whole and a very appreciable loss of acid. In the case of 

 the Norton the sugar remained practically the same, but the acid was 

 greatly decreased. The apparent gain for the first period and the 

 loss during the second period illustrate the difficulty of sampling a 

 crop accurately. 



The seedling showed a decided gain in sugar and an important loss 

 in acid considering the entire period, but there was a phenomenal 

 gain in sugar during the second period and an equal loss during the 

 next one. This must be credited to the uneven growth and ripening 

 of this seedling, normal samples being hard to obtain during the fall 

 of 1909. The full analysis of this grape is given in the table on 



page 14. 



EXAMINATIONS MADE DURING 1910. 



ADDITIONAL VARIETIES EXAMINED AND THEIR SAMPLING. 



During the season of 1910 a more extended series of samples were 

 analyzed and several more varieties included in the investigation. 

 Montefiore was excluded because it had been so injured by a late 

 spring frost that samples could not be secured near Sandusky. As 

 in the previous year, Catawba and Norton were taken from the Steuk 

 vineyard at Venice, Ohio, and in addition the Concord, Delaware, 

 and Ives grapes were sampled. Brighton and Clinton varieties were 

 obtained from Mr. John Schonhardt's vineyard situated near by 

 and also on the lake. The list of varieties as thus extended includes 

 the three most prominent types of families of our native cultivated 

 grapes, namely, Labrusca, ^Estivalis, and Eiparia. 



The grape crop was not large in 1910, as many of the varieties 

 grown on the border of the lake were injured by the freeze in May, 

 which, although it rendered much of the fruit inferior in character 

 and appearance, did not necessarily injure its value as a chemical 

 sample. Furthermore, the berry moth made such ravages during 

 the ripening of the fruit as to interfere with holding some of the 

 varieties on the vines as long as had been intended. 



The period covered by the sampling in 1910 was much longer than 

 in 1909, ranging from 16 days in the case of the Brighton grapes to 

 46 days in the case of the Clinton variety. On the whole the observa- 

 tions covered a sufficient length of time, except for the Brighton, 

 Catawba, and Norton; in the case of the last two varieties the ravages 

 of the berry moth made sampling for a longer period practically 

 impossible. It was found necessary to remove all moth-infested and 

 wormy grapes from the samples taken during the latter part of the 



