178 PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS. [ANNO 1782. 



Number of males born in 7 years 1666, or 238 annually. 

 Number of males buried in 7 years 1476, or 21Qf annually. 

 Number of females born in 7 years 1657, or 236a annually. 

 Number of females buried in 7 years 1699, or 2424- annually. 



The 4th table shows the mortality of the seasons: being for winter 9 18, 

 spring 8 16, summer 682, autumn 759. 



In order to find the number of inhabitants in any place, where, either from 

 its bulk, or other reasons, a numerical survey cannot be obtained, 2 methods 

 may be used. The 1st is, multiplying the number of houses by the medium 

 of inhabitants in each. The 2d is, one recommended by Mons. Mohean, in a 

 work, entitled, Recherches et Considerations sur la Population de la France. 

 He found, by very laborious calculations, that the number of inhabitants may 

 be known by the births, the latter being to the former nearly as 1 to 27. 



By an account given into the House of Commons in March 178 J, the number 

 of houses in York subject to the new house-tax was 2285: if to those be added 

 such as were too small to come under the tax, which may probably amount to 

 one-third more, the total of the houses in York will be about 3000. This 

 number multiplied by A\, which is nearly the medium of people in a house, 

 gives 12,750 for the number of inhabitants. By the 2d rule we have 12,798 

 for the number of inhabitants, being the result of 474, the average annual 

 births, multiplied by 27. The remarkable coincidence of these methods of 

 calculation makes it very probable, that if we estimate the number of inhabitants 

 at 12,800, we shall not be far from the truth. 



However this may be as to the exact number of inhabitants, it affects not the 

 principal end of the present inquiry, which is to show how we are improved in 

 population and healthfulness within 40 years past. To prove this, we must 

 find the number of inhabitants in the year 1735, from tab. 1. We there find 

 the average annual births to be 400; this multiplied by 27 gives 10,800 for the 

 number at that time. This number divided by the average annual deaths 498, 

 gives the proportion of deaths 1 in 2 If. Such was the state of this city as to 

 mortality 46 years ago. 



Very different from this is our present situa- Vienna 1 in 194 



tion, the proportion of deaths being now London 1 in 20J 



, . r . ' „ i-i-^i • r Edinburgh 1 in 204 



decreased to 1 in 28J-, which is the quotient ol Berlin.. . i in 21 



12,800, the number of inhabitants, divided by Rome ' in 22 



. _„ ., r i i ,1 Amsterdam I in 22 



453, the present average ot annual deaths. Dublin.. . l in 22 



This is certainly a great rise in the scale of heal- Leeds l in 22 



., • t? i ■ c i t j Northampton. . . 1 in 26' 



thiness. b rom being near as fatal as London Shrewsbury . l in 26 



we have become less sothan many country places, Liverpool 1 in >"fa 



•11 r i.u j . • Manchester.. .1 in 28 



as will appear from the annexed comparative Y ork. 1 in 281 



view of the proportion of deaths in different 

 places: viz. there dies every year, at 



