680 PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS. [aNNO 17QQ. 



Descending along the bed of the great ravine, whose general course is to the 

 eastward, a yellow argillaceous schistus is first seen; the laminae are much shat- 

 tered, are very thin, have a slight hade to the s. s. w., and range e. s. e. and 

 w. N. w Included within the schist, is a vein of compact barren quartz, about 

 3 feet wide, ranging n. e. and s. w.; below this is another vein, about Q inches 

 wide, having the same range as the former, and hading to the northward, con- 

 sisting of quartz, including ferruginous earth. Lower down, is a vein of a 

 compact aggregate substance, apparently coinpounded of quartz, ochraceous 

 earth, chert, minute particles of mica, and some little argillite, of unknown 

 breadth, ranging e. and w., hading fast to the southward, and including strings 

 of quartz, from 1 to 2 inches thick, the quartz containing ferruginous earth. 

 Tlie yellow argillaceous schistus is again seen with its former hade and range; 

 and then, adjacent to a quartz vein, is laminated blue argillaceous schistus rang- 

 ing N. E. and s. w., and hading s. e.; which is afterwards seen varying its range 

 and hade, running e. n. e. and w. s. w., and hading n. n. w.; lower down, the 

 blue schist is observed more compact, though still laminated. The ground, less 

 steep, becomes springy, is inclosed, and the ravine shallower, has deposited a 

 considerable quantity of clay, sand, and gravel. Following the course of the 

 ravine, or, as it may now more properly be called, the brook, arrive at the road 

 which leads to Arklow; here is a ford, and the brook has the Irish name of 

 Aughatinavought (the river that drowned the old man); hence it descends to the 

 Aughrim river, just above its confluence with that from Rathdrum, which, after 

 their junction, take the general name of the Ovo, that discharging itself into 

 the sea near the town of Arklow, forms a harbour for vessels of small burthen. 



The lands of Ballinvally are to the southward, and the lands of Ballinagore to 

 the northward, of the ford, where the blue schistus rock, whose joints are nearly 

 vertical, is seen ranging e. n. e. and w. s. w., including small strings of quartz, 

 which contain ferruginous earth. The same kind of earth is also seen in the 

 quartz, contained in a vein from 10 to 12 inches wide, ranging e. n. e. and 

 w. s. w., and hading to the southward, which has been laid open in forming the 

 Arklow road. Here the valley is from 20 to 30 yards in width, and is covered 

 with substances washed down from the mountain, which on the sides have accu- 

 mulated to the depth of about 12 feet. A thin stratum of vegetable soil lies 

 uppermost; then clay, mingled with fine sand, composed of small particles of 

 quartz, mica, and schist; beneath which the same substances are larger, and 

 constitute a bed of gravel, that also contains nodules of fine grained iron stone, 

 which produces 50 per cent, of crude iron ; incumbent on the rock are large 

 tumblers of quartz, a variety of argillite and schistus; many pieces of the quartz 

 are perfectly pure, others are attached to the schistus, others contain chlorite, 

 pyrites, mica, and ferruginous earth ; and the arsenical cubical pyrites frequently 



