126 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. 



(2561.) C. echinata, Murray, Prodr. Goett. 76, (1770.) 



C. stelMata, Good., Linn. Trans. II., 144, (1792) ; Hook., Fl. II., 214; 

 Macoun, Cat. No. 2066. 



C. stelMata, var. sterilis, Torr. Bot. N. York, II., 380, (1843.) 



C. sterilis, \V. Boott, Bot. Calif. II., 236, (1880.) 



Culms stiff ; spikes large, all contiguous or nearly so; perigynium 

 large, much attenuated above. (Bailey.} Apparently commonest 

 eastward. Only our own specimens and what , have been named 

 C. sterilis, are referred to the species. All others go with the second 

 variety. Topsail, Newfoundland. (E. Bell} Petticodiac, N.B. (Brit- 

 tain.} Swamps at Truro, and Yarmouth, N.S. (Macoun.) Glenelg, 

 Ouysboro, N.S. (Faribault.} St. Charles Islands, Mingan, and Tadou- 

 sac, Q. (St: Cyr.} Eiviere do Brig, Anticosti ; Gasp6 Basin, and 

 L'anse a Yalon, Gaspe, Q. ; Livingston Point, Lake Nipigon, and 

 Lake Maria, Nipigon Eiver, Ont. (Macoun.} Swampy river flat, 

 London, Ont. (Burgess, Millman} Not uncommon in marshes at 

 Morley and westward through the Eocky and Selkirk mountains, B.C. ; 

 borders of marshes at Goldstream, Alberni, and Mount Mark, near 

 Qualicum, Yancouver Island. (Macoun.} 



Yar. conferta, Bailey, Carex, Cat. (1884.) 



C. stelMata, var. conferta, Chapm. Flora, 534, (1860.) 



Bogs at the head of the North West Arm, near Halifax, N.S. 

 (Macoun & Burgess} Along the coast from Newfoundland southward 

 to Florida. (La Pylaie.} Differs from the species in the oblong den- 

 sely flowered, and more spreading spikes, and recurved porigynium. 

 (Bailey.} 



Yar. microstachys, Boeckeler, Linnsea. XXXIX., 125, (1875.) 



C. scirpoides, Schkuhr, Riedgr. Nachtr. 19, (1805) ; Pursh, Fl. I., 37. 



C. xterilis, Willd. ; Pursh, Fl. I., 34, (1814.) 



C. sterilis, vars. p. & y., Torr. Cyp., 392, (1836.) 



C. stelMata, vars. scirpoides & angustata, Gray, Man. Ed. V., 579, (1868) ; 



Macoun, Cat. No. 2066 vars. 

 C. echinata var. angustata, Bailey, Carex, Cat. (1884.) 



More slender ; spikes small and more scattered ; perigynium smaller 

 and less conspicuously beaked. (Bailey.} Yery abundant in swamps 

 and marshes throughout the eastern provinces. Halifax, N.S. (Som- 

 mers, Cat.} Petitcodiac ; common in Kent Co., at Bass Eiver; also 

 Carleton Co., N.B. (Fowler, Cat.} Common in swamps at Truro, 

 N.S. ; and along the Ste. Anne des Monts Eiver, Gaspe*, Q. (Macoun.} 

 Mingan, and Pentecost rivers, Q. (St. Cyr.} Bogs and marshes, com- 

 mon near Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.} Yery common around Pres- 



