74 A BIRD CALENDAR 



of bank. The sharp claws of the bee-eaters 

 enable the birds to obtain a foothold on an 

 almost vertical surface ; this foothold is 

 strengthened by the tail which, being stiff, 

 acts as a third leg. In a surprisingly short 

 time a cavity large enough to conceal the bird 

 completely is formed. The bee-eater utilises 

 the bill as pickaxe and the feet as ejectors. 

 The little clouds of sand that issue at short 

 intervals from each cavity afford evidence of 

 the efficacy of these implements and the indus- 

 try of those that use them. 



Two of the most charming birds in India 

 are now occupied with family cares. These 

 are both black-and-white birds the magpie- 

 robin (Copsychus saularis) and the pied wagtail 

 (Motacilla maderaspatensis). The former has 

 already been noticed as the best songster in the 

 plains of India. The pattern of its plumage 

 resembles that of the common magpie ; this 

 explains its English name. The hen is grey 

 where the cock is black, otherwise there is no 

 external difference between the sexes. For 

 some weeks the cock has been singing lustily, 

 especially in the early morning and late after- 

 noon. In April he begins his courtship. His 

 display is a simple affair mere tail-play ; the 



