PREFACE 



titles and subject-matter of many of the chapters 

 in this miscellany originally appeared in the 

 Manchester Guardian, Scotsman, Daily Dispatch, and 

 Westminster Review. Through the courtesy of the pro- 

 prietors and editors I am able to issue them in then- 

 present form. In every case, however, the articles have 

 been revised, and in most recast and extended. " The 

 Preservation of our Fauna " was the subject of an 

 address, delivered as President, before the Manchester 

 Literary and Philosophical Society. 



The illustrations, except that of the " Dandy," for 

 which I am indebted to Messrs. Nicholson and Gartner 

 of Carlisle, are the work of personal friends, who have 

 taken considerable trouble to supply the subjects I 

 desired. The name of each photographer appears in the 

 list of illustrations. 



I am especially indebted to Mr. Archibald Thorburn, 

 and to Messrs. Longmans, Green and Co., who hold the 

 copyright, for permission to reproduce the original 

 drawing of the Noctule. Of all pictures I know, this is 

 the best representation of this bat. 



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