DISEASES OF HORSES. 215 



35. Roaring is also a termination of pneumonia, in which case 

 the lungs are not affected, but congealed blood, under the name of 

 coagulable lymph, remains in the trachea or windpipe, and obstructs 

 the free passage of the air ; by means of which the roaring noise is 

 made. It is in vain to expect a cure : blistering the throat some, 

 times slightly relieves it. 



36. Chronic cough is also a termination of pneumonia, and ap- 

 pears dependent on a peculiar irritability the disease leaves in the 

 bronchial passages, which are found afterwards incapable of bearing 

 any sudden alteration of temperature ; thus horses with this kind of 

 cough are excited to it as soon as the stable door opens, and by 

 every exertion, by drinking, by eating, and in fact by any thing 

 that alters the situation of the body, or is new to the part. But 

 besides pneumonia or inflammation of the lungs producing it, it is 

 often brought on likewise by gross feeding, which, weakening the 

 stomach, impoverishes the blood, and thus injures the lungs which 

 are fed by that blood. Worms also by the same means are a cause 

 of chronic cough. It is thus that we expect to derive benefit by 

 mediums acting on the stomach. Green food is often found useful, 

 but particularly carrots. The hay should be excellent in quality 

 and small in quantity ; and it will be found that soiling in the 

 stable, but particularly a course of carrots, forms a better plan of 

 treatment than turning out. If worms be suspected, treat as under 

 that head. [57.] Formulae of chronic cough balls are seen in the 

 Vet. Pharm. [148.] 



37. Broken wind is also sometimes brought on by pneumonia, and 

 sometimes by occult causes. It is often occasioned by over exer- 

 tion after full meals, in which the lungs become permanently 

 weakened, perhaps ruptured in their air cells. Inexperienced per- 

 sons find some difficulty in detecting broken wind from other chest 

 affections, as chronic cough, occasional colds, &c. &c. 



38. Criteria of broken wind. The cough which accompanies 

 broken wind, is a short, deep, hollow, grunting noise, and the shorl 

 grunting expiration is peculiarly excited by turning a horse quickly 

 round, striking him smartly with a stick at the same time, which 

 often produces a deep sound without the cough ; and which is so 

 significant as never to be mistaken when once heard and attended 

 to : but the principal peculiarity arises from the beating of the 

 flanks, which operate rather by three efforts than two as usual. 

 In the first, the air is drawn in, in the usual manner, and the flanks 

 fill up as in common ; but in the next, the falling of the flanks is 



