403 



bles, or other substances differing from the common 

 earth ? 



13th. If transverse vallies occur (so called by Saus- 

 sure, in contradistinction to longitudinal vallies, which 

 are such as have an extensive range between two 

 parallel ridges or mountains,) are there any appear- 

 ances of the operations of currents from the lateral 

 vallies ; such as hillocks of sand, pebbles, boulders, 

 or rocks, at or near the junction of the transverse with 

 the longitudinal valley ? If so, in what direction do 

 the transverse vallies run, and on which hand do the 

 deposites appear ; whether on the right or left ? 



14th. " If the lateral valleys, which terminate at a 

 principal valley, as the branches of a tree at its trunk, 

 correspond or not ; or, in other words, whether the 

 branches of that trunk are opposite or alternate?" 

 Saussure. 



" The answers to these two questions are very im- 

 portant, for the solution of this question : whether the 

 valleys have been excavated by currents of the sea?" 

 tfaussure. 



15th. If a valley, on one side of a range of moun- 

 tains, appears to be underlayed with rocks, primitive 

 or secondary ; stratified or unstratified ; horizontal or 

 inclined, are the rocks, if any, in the valley on the op- 

 posite side of the mountain or range, of the same kind, 

 and arranged in the same^ order, so as to afford any 

 reason to believe that they underlay the mountain? 

 This is a question of no small importance to the geo* 

 logist. 



