14 



Upper Silurian formations ; that is to say, somewhere about 

 a half of the whole Silurian system is contained in a group 

 of shales and sandstones, sometimes less than 200 feet 

 thick ! " 



In a review of this work from Lapworth's pen we find the following 

 retort : * 



" He parallels the famous colonies of Bohemia with the well- 

 known fossil-bearing bands in the Silurian of South Scotland. 

 We believe this comparison to be the best that could be made. 

 In both areas the disputed successions are founded on 

 corresponding appearances, and in both cases the belief in 

 the orthodox view is probably destined soon to be confined 

 solely to its authors. Both are, however, valuable warnings, 

 with which the future student of historical geology could ill 

 afford to dispense. One is the fruit of palaeontology without 

 stratigraphy the other of stratigraphy without palaeon- 

 tology." 



From 1888 onwards, however, some of the best geologists in 

 the Scottish Geological Survey were engaged in re-examining and 

 re-mapping the Southern Uplands and in testing the validity of the 

 new views. In 1899 the Geological Survey published its great 

 Memoir on the Geology of the Southern Uplands of Scotland, 

 a work which has been described as a ' monument to the genius 

 of the man who made it possible.' In this work, Dr. Home, re- 

 viewing the history of research, writes as follows (pp. 24-25) : 

 " In 1878 appeared Professor Lapworth's memoir on ' The 

 Moffat Series ' in the Quarterly Journal of the Geological 

 Society. The publication of this paper marks an epoch in 

 the history of the Silurian Geology of the South of Scotland. 

 It remains the greatest and most original contribution to 

 the study of the life-sequence and structural relations of 

 these highly convoluted rocks. For nearly ten years the 

 author had devoted himself to the mapping of the various 

 outcrops of the black shale series throughout the Southern 

 Uplands. Selecting the Moffat district as a typical area where 

 the sub-divisions of the series are admirably exposed, he 

 unfolded in detail the structure of that interesting region. 

 The paper is illustrated with maps and sections of the 

 district extending from Annandale to St. Mary's Loch, and 

 from the Vale of Ettrick to Hartfell. Taking Dobb's Linn 

 and Craigmichan Scaurs as typical sections showing the 

 sequence and palaeontological features of the Moffat series, 

 he demonstrates the true order of succession of the strata 

 based on the vertical range of the graptolites. He describes 

 the prominent parallel bands to the north and south of the 



* 29, p. 83. 



