CHAPTER IX 



INSTANCES OF ANIMAL INTELLIGENCE — POWER 



OF REASONING 



If we attribute souls to mankind because of certain intellectual 

 phenomena, we must allow that lower animals have souls for the 

 same reasons — They are governed by a soul principle the same as 

 man. 



If we refer certain phenomena in mankind to the 

 possession of souls, we must allow animals to have 

 souls if they produce the same phenomena. Animals 

 perform intellectual operations of various kinds sim- 

 ilar to those performed by man ; and, like different 

 races of men, or different men of the same race, they 

 are not all of the same degree of importance. 



Animals, like man, have a free will of their own, 

 and their knowledge is acquired by experience. 

 We cannot say that they act only automatically. 

 Neither can we ascribe their cunning and comical 

 motions and activities to a being so perfect as 

 Deity. For can Deity be supposed to be taught to 

 swear and talk obscenely in a parrot, or to chatter 

 the absurd and irreverent language of a magpie ? 



132 



