580 



Index 



268, 271, 318; of human blood against, 

 271, 318 ; immunity to, is not insuscepti- 

 bility to its toxin, 290 ; origin of protective 

 property against, 291 ; protective action 

 of various fluids against, 320 ; antagonism 

 between certain bacteria and, 324; in 

 stomach, 419, 667 ; susceptible to acids in 

 vitro, 419; in intestine, 423, 567; serum 

 from animals immunised against, 532 



Cholesterin. See also Fats 



Cholesterin, fixation of toxins by, 387; fix- 

 ation of saponin by, 389 



Chytridium, 12 



Cicatrisation of plants, 34 



Clasmatocytes, 78 



Clavel6e (la). See Sheep-pox 



Clavelisation against Sheep-pox, 460 



Clothes-moths, micro-organisms absent from 

 digestive canal of larvae of certain, 420 



Coccobacillus prodigiosus. See under Micro- 

 coccus 



Cockchafer larva, 70, 326 



Complement of Ehrlich, 88, 91, 193, 251, 297 



Complementoids of Ehrlich, 115 



Concussion, spinal, adaptation to, 564 



Conjunctiva, elimination of micro-organisms 

 by the, 408 ; absorption of toxins by the, 

 409 



Copula of P. Miiller, 91 



Cornea, protective resistance by the, 409 



Crayfish, susceptible to certain toxins, 345; 

 blood of, antitoxic against scorpion 

 venom, 366 ; poor intestinal flora of, 421 



Crickets and micro-organisms, 41, 133; 

 natural immunity against toxins in, 329 



Crustacea. See Crayfish, Daphnia 



Crustacea, protective function of integument 



- of, 404 



Cyprinus. See Goldfish 



Cytase of Laurent, 86 



Cytases (syn. alexins, complements), 93, 98, 

 123; elaborated by phagocytes, 197, 252, 

 539, 549-556; thrown out into plasmas 

 during phagolysis, 95, 99, 102, 197, 252, 

 551-554; bactericidal power of, 183, 184, 

 191, 193-198, 217 {see also Bactericidal, 

 Body fluids, Serums) ; unity or plurality 

 of, in same serum, 193, 197; absorption of, 

 194, 200 ; two kinds of, macrocy tase and 

 microcytase, 195, 296, 549 ; characters of 

 the, 197, 549; enzymes other than, in 

 phagocytes, 197; in the immunised or- 

 ganism, 250-255, 296, 317, 554; presence 

 or absence of, how determined, 253 ; Ehr- 

 lich's and author's views on, contrasted, 

 297 ; compared with fixatives, 555 



Cytotoxins, 105 (note), 110, 116 



Daphnia, resistance of, to Blastomycetes, 



131, 404, 520 

 Darwin on the extinction of the elephant, 8 

 Dermis, arrest of micro-organisms in the, 



406 



Desmon (of London), 91 



Diastases. See Digestive ferments, Ferments 



Digestion in the higher animals, 49, 59-65 ; 

 psychical and nervous elements in, 62, 

 566; extracellular, by secreted juices, 49, 

 58, 62 ; the liver of the Mollusca as second 

 organ of, 59; in the tissues, 67; and re- 

 sorption closely related, 69, 85; by ma- 

 crophagic organs, 85, 150 



Digestion, intracellular. See also Phago- 

 cytes, Phagocytosis, Kesorption 



Digestion, intracellular, 48, 85, 517, 518, 

 520; in the Protozoa, 13, 30, 49; in 

 Planarians, 49, 71, 82 ; in Actinians, 53, 

 82, 85; in Sponges, 69, 517; transition 

 from, to digestion by secreted juices, 49, 

 58 



Digestive ferments, antitoxic function of, 

 424 ; action of, on toxin of botulism, 420 



Diphtheria, 7, 41, 132, 204 ; antitoxic power 

 of blood of convalescents from, 443 ; anti- 

 toxic power against, in blood of healthy 

 persons, 444; and in blood of new-born 

 children, 445; heredity of immunity 

 against, 445, 447, 448; influence of anti- 

 cytase serum on, 371 ; vaccinations against, 

 495-503; serum against, 495; standard- 

 isation and testing of this serum, 496- 

 498; its protective and antitoxic powers 

 do not develop in equal ratio, 497; its 

 prophylactic use, 498-503; accidents 

 during treatment, 499, 502; statistics, 

 500-503 



Diphtheria toxin, increased susceptibility of 

 immunised guinea-pig to, 290; natural im- 

 munity of rat and mouse against, 204, 339 ; 

 natural immunity of frog against, 330; 

 immunisation against, 344, 347, 349, 353 ; 

 attenuation of, 344; preventive action of 

 nucleohiston on, 365; action of, on brain 

 of laboratory animals, 386 ; sets up local 

 lesions in the conjunctiva, 409; pepsin 

 destroys, 419 



Diplococcus pneumoniae. See Pneumococ- 

 cus 



Diseases, fear of, and pessimism, 1, 569 ; 

 atrophic, probably due to a parasite, 

 3; mechanical element as etiological 

 factor, 3; toxic element as etiological 

 factor, 4 ; developed on the earth at a very 

 early epoch, 8; and extinction of species, 

 8; infective, in multicellular plants, 29- 

 39 ; set up -by Fungi. See Fungi 



Dog, immunity of, against anthrax, 149- 

 151, 242; action of anthrax bacillus on 

 rabid, 150 ; immunity of, against strepto- 

 cocci, 167; naturally refractory against 

 a staphylococcus, 266 ; bactericidal action 

 of blood of, on anthrax bacillus, 150, 151, 

 156; digestion of gelatine by leucocytes 

 of, 108 ; enterokynase in lymphoid organs 

 of, 61; digestive fluids of, 62-65; disin- 

 fecting power of small intestine of, 422 ; 



