THE BACK. 



29 



stomach about on a level with the ninth dorsal spine. The pyloric orifice of the 

 stomach, is to the right of the twelfth dorsal spine. 



Aorta. The arch of the aorta reaches the left side of the vertebral column just 

 above the fourth dorsal spine, and the descending aorta passes downwards, gradually 



Fig. 13. POSTERIOR VIEW OP THE TRUNK, SHOWING THE RELATIVE POSITIONS OP THE PRINCIPAL 



THORACIC AND ABDOMINAL VISCERA, &C. (R. J. Gr. and G. D. T.) i. 



The several objects are indicated in the same manner as in fig. 10, the trachea and lungs by thin 

 lines, the aorta by thick lines, the liver, pancreas and spleen by broken lines, the oesophagus, stomach, 

 ascending and descending colon by thick dotted lines, and the kidneys by thin dotted lines ; x , x , 

 seventh cervical and first lumbar spines. 



inclining to the front of the column, to bifurcate at a'spot in, or close to, the median 

 plane, on a level with the fourth lumbar spine. The cceliac axis arises opposite the 

 twelfth dorsal, the renal arteries opposite the first lumbar spine. 



The convex surface of the spleen looks backwards and somewhat outwards. It 



