56 



THE BONES OF THE HEAD. 



temporal and zygomatic fossae. The tipper angle, frontal process, is the most 

 prominent, and is serrated at the extremity for articulation with the external angular 

 process of the frontal bone. The border behind this, temporal, is sinuous and con- 

 tinuous with the upper edge of the zygoma. The posterior angle, temporal process, is 

 serrated for articulation with the extremity of the zygoma, and the postero-inferior 

 border, masseteric, thick and rough, completes the lower edge of the zygomatic arch. 

 The antero-inferior border, maxillary, together with a rough triangular part of the 

 inner surface, articulates with the malar process of the superior maxilla. The 

 remaining border, orbital, is strongly excavated, smooth and rounded, and forms a 

 great part of the orbital margin ; from this the orbital process projects backwards 



FRONTAL PROC. 



REITAL PROC. 



TEMP-ZYCOM. SURF. 



ART. Wl 

 EUP. 



TUBEROSITY 



Fig. 56. RIGHT MALAR BONE : OUTER VIEW. 

 (Drawn by D. Gunn.) 



Fig. 57. RIGHT MALAR BONE : INNER VIEW. 

 (Drawn by D. Gunn. ) 



and inwards, a triangular, curved plate, forming the fore part of the outer wall of the 

 orbit, and articulating by its rough edge with the great wing of the sphenoid ; 

 between the sphenoidal and maxillary articulations there is frequently a small free 

 margin which closes the anterior extremity of the spheno-maxillary fissure. On the 

 orbital surface of this process are seen two grooves leading to small canals, the 

 temporal, opening on the temporal surface, and the malar leading to the facial surface 

 of the bone ; they transmit the two divisions of the temporo-malar branch of the 

 superior maxillary nerve. 



Varieties. The malar bone is rarely divided by a horizontal suture into an upper larger 

 and a lower smaller part. The small canals are subject to great variation ; they may begin 

 with a common opening on the orbital surface ; either may be double ; or one may fail 

 entirely. There is often a well marked projection at the upper part of the temporal border, 

 called the marginal process ; it gives attachment to a strong band of the temporal fascia 

 In the numerous cases in which the malar bone does not enter into the formation of the 

 spheno-maxillary fissure, it is excluded either by the articulation of the great wing of the 

 sphenoid with the superior maxilla, or by a small Wormian bone. 



THE NASAL BONE. 



The nasal bones form the bridge of the nose. They are narrow and thick above, 

 but gradually become wider and thinner below. The superior border of each is 

 serrated, and articulates with the inner part of the nasal notch of the frontal bone : 

 the inferior is free in the dried skull, but in the recent state it gives attachment to 

 the lateral nasal cartilage ; it is generally marked by a small notch near its inner 



