216 



THE MUSCLES OF THE UPPER LIMB. 



Fig. 232. SUPERFICIAL MUSCLES OF THE SHOULDER 



AND UPPER LIMB, SEEN FROM BEHIND. (Allen 



Thomson.) i 



a, acromion ; 6, base of the scapula ; c, tendon 

 of the trapezius muscle over the triangular surface of 

 the spine of the scapula ; d, olecranon ; e, external 

 condyle ; 1, trapezius ; 2, acromial part of del- 

 toid ; 2', the part of the same muscle rising from 

 the spine of the scapula ; 3, rhomboideus major ; 4, 

 infraspinatu.s ; 5, teres minor ; 6, teres major ; 7, 

 latissimus dorsi ; + , space between the trapezius, 

 rhomboid and latissimus muscles ; 8, long head 

 of triceps ; 8', its outer head ; 8", its tendon ; 9, 

 anconeus ; 10, part of the brachialis anticus ; 11, 

 supinator longus ; 12, extensor carpi radialis longior. 

 The explanation of the remaining references will be 

 found in the description of fig. 238. 



between it and the infraspinatus and teres 

 major muscles, and is inserted by tendon 

 into the greater tuberosity of the hu- 

 merus, immediately below the infraspinatus, 

 and by fleshy fibres into the bone for a short 

 distance lower down. 



Relations. This muscle is partly covered 

 behind by the deltoid, and in front is in 

 contact with the long head of the triceps and 

 the capsule of the shoulder- joint. The dorsal 

 scapular artery passes between it and the 

 bone. At its lower border is the teres major, 

 separated in part by the long- head of the 

 triceps. A bursa is sometimes found between 

 the tendon and the bone. 



The teres major muscle arises from 

 the flat oval surface on the dorsum of the 

 scapula near its inferior angle, slightly 

 from the axillary border of the bone, and 

 from the septum between it and the teres 

 minor and infraspinatus muscles. It is 

 inserted by a flat tendon, about two inches 

 wide, into the inner border of the bicipital 

 groove of the humerus, behind and in con- 

 tact with the tendon of the latissimus 

 dorsi, to which it is adherent for a short 

 space : close to the insertion, however, the 

 tendons of these muscles are separated by 

 a small bursa. There is sometimes another 

 bursa between the tendon of the teres 

 major and the humerus. The fibres run 

 longitudinally in the muscle. 



Relations. Posteriorly this muscle is- 

 covered at its lower part by the latissimus 

 dorsi, and at its upper part it is crossed by the 

 long head of the triceps. The lower border is- 



surrounded obliquely by the latissimus dorsi j and the anterior surface is concealed in the upper 

 part of its extent by the tendon of that muscle. The upper border of the muscle forms the 



