270 



THE MUSCLES OF THE LOWER LIMB. 



tendon of the flexor perforans.) On the other hand, the muscle has been seen with five 

 tendons, one passing 1 to the great toe, or two to the second toe. (Gruber, " Monographic des 

 Muse. flex. dig. brevis pedis," &c. } Wiener Denkschriften, 1889.) 



The abductor halhicis muscle (abd. pollicis pedis) arises from the inner part 

 of the larger tubercle of the calcaneum, from the internal annular ligament, from 



Fig. 261. FIRST LAYER OP MUSCLES OF THE SOLE. | 



a, plantar fascia ; b, tendon of flexor longus digitorum to second 

 toe; c, tendon of flexor longus hallucis ; 1, abductor hallucis ; 2, 

 flexor brevis digitorum ; 3, abductor minimi digiti ; 5, first lum- 

 bricalis ; 6, inner head of flexor brevis hallucis ; 9, flexor brevis 

 minimi digiti. 



the septum between it and the flexor brevis digitorum, 

 and from the plantar fascia covering it. The fleshy 

 fibres end in a tendon which, after being joined by 

 fibres of the internal head of the flexor brevis hallucis, 

 is inserted into the inner border of the base of the 

 first phalanx of the great toe. 



Relations. It is covered by the thin internal division of 

 the plantar fascia. Its deep surface is in contact with the 

 tendons of the tibialis posticus and long flexor muscles, with 

 the flexor brevis hallucis, and with the plantar vessels and 

 nerves. 



Varieties. The abductor hallucis occasionally sends a 

 slip to the base of the first phalanx of the second toe. Its 

 tendon of insertion is sometimes joined by a muscular slip 

 springing from the skin on the inner border of the foot, 

 somewhat in front of the inner ankle ; but this is not so 

 frequent as the cutaneous slip of the corresponding muscle 

 of the hand. 



The abductor minimi digiti muscle has a wide 

 origin behind, from the front of both tubercles on the 



under surface of the os calcis, from the external intermuscular septum, and from 

 the deep surface of the band of the plantar fascia which extends from the external 

 tubercle to the base of the fifth metatarsal bone. The fleshy fibres end in a tendon 



Fig. 262. TRANSVERSE SECTION OP THE RIGHT FOOT BETWEEN 

 THE TARSUS AND METATARSUS. (Allen Thomson.) \ 



a, b, c, articular surfaces of the internal, middle, and external 

 cuneiform bones ; d and e, surfaces of the cuboid bone for the 

 fourth and fifth metatarsal bones; 1, slip of the tendon of tibialis 

 anticus, inserted into the first metatarsal bone ; 2, tendon of extensor 

 proprius hallucis ; 3, slip of extensor brevis digitorum to the great 

 toe ; 3', remainder of extensor brevis digitorum ; 4, tendons of 

 extensor longus digitorum ; 5, peroneus tertius ; 6, peroneus 

 brevis ; 7, peroneus longus cut obliquely where it is emerging 

 from its sheath below the cuboid bone ; 8, tendon of flexor 

 longus hallucis ; 9, tendon of flexor longus digitorua ; 10, 

 flexor accessorius ; 11, abductor hallucis ; 12, flexor brevi? 

 digitorum ; 13, abductor minimi digiti. 



which, after gliding along a smooth depression on the inferior surface of the base 

 of the fifth metatarsal bone, is inserted into the outer side of the base of the first 

 phalanx of the little toe. 



Relations. The muscle is covered by the plantar fascia. Its deep surface is in contact 

 with the outer head of the flexor accessorius, the long plantar ligament, the peroneus longus 

 tendon, and the flexor brevis minimi digiti. 



Varieties. An additional slip of origin from the tuberosity at the base of the fifth 



