390 



THE ARTERIES OF THE HEAT) AND NECK. 



nerve, pleura and lung are to its outer side ; and the thoracic stage of the left sub- 

 clavian artery is placed farther back and a little more to the left. 



IN THE NECK, the common carotid artery of each side reaches from the sterno- 

 clavicular articulation to the level of, or a little above, the upper border of the 

 thyroid cartilage, where it divides into two great branches, of which one is distributed 

 to the superficial parts of the head and to the face, and the other to the brain and 



Fig. 336. SUPERFICIAL DISSEC- 

 TION OP THE RIGHT SIDE OP 

 THE NECK, TO SHOW THE 

 CAROTID AND SUBCLAVIAN 



ARTERIES, &c. (R. Quain.) ^ 



a, angle of the jaw and mas- 

 seter muscle ; &, parotid gland ; 

 c, submaxillary gland ; d, mylo- 

 hyoid muscle below the anterior 

 belly of the digastric ; e, anterior, 

 e', posterior belly of omo-hyoid ; 

 /", sterno-hyoid ; g, sterno-thyroid ; 

 1. upon the stern o-mastoid muscle, 

 points by a line to the upper part 

 of the common carotid artery ; 2, 

 upon the scalenus anticus, points 

 to the third part of the subclavian 

 artery ; 3, upon the scalenus me- 

 dius, points to the superficial cer- 

 vical artery crossing the nerves of 

 the brachial plexus ; 4, posterior 

 scapular artery, passing under the 

 levator scapulae muscle ; 5, supra- 

 scapular artery ; 6, external caro- 

 tid ; 6', internal carotid ; 7, upon 

 the thyro-hyoid muscle, points to 

 the superior thyroid artery giving 

 superiorly its hyoid branch ; 8, 

 lingual artery ; 9, placed on the 

 stylo-hyoid muscle, indicates the 

 facial artery ; 10, occipital artery, 

 from the root of which the small 

 stern o-mastoid artery is given off; 

 between the occipital and the 

 facial arteries, +, upon the pos- 

 terior belly 'of the digastric, points 

 to the continuation of the external 

 carotid before it passes under that 

 muscle. 



eye. From their destina- 

 tion, these divisions are 

 named respectively the external and internal carotid arteries. 



The place of division of the common carotid artery is usually opposite the fourth 

 cervical vertebra, and a little higher on the right side than on the left : it is as a rule 

 higher in short-necked, and lower in long-necked persons. The length of the right 

 artery is commonly from 3j to 4 inches, of the left about an inch more. 



The oblique course taken by the common carotid artery along the side of the 

 neck is indicated by a line drawn from the sterno-clavicular articulation to a point 

 midway between the angle of the jaw and the mastoid process of the temporal bone. 

 At the root of the neck, the arteries of opposite sides are separated from each other 

 only by a narrow interval, corresponding with the width of the trachea ; but, as 

 they ascend, they are separated by a much larger interval, corresponding with the 

 breadth of the larynx and pharynx. The carotid arteries have the appearance of 

 being placed farther back at the upper than at the lower part of the neck, owing to 

 the forward projection of the larynx above. 



