THE INTERNAL MAXILLARY ARTERY. 



405 



offsets, which ascend to enter the minute apertures in the extremities of the fangs 

 of the teeth, and supply the pulp of each ; before emerging at the mental foramen, 

 it spends forwards a branch which supplies the incisor teeth and communicates with 

 its fellow of the opposite side. The terminal or mental branch anastomoses with 

 the inferior coronary, inferior labial, and submental arteries. 



(/) A small branch, arising either from the inferior dental artery or from the 

 internal maxillary trunk, descends with the lingual nerve, and is distributed to the 

 mucous membrane of the mouth. 



B. Of the second part. (a) The anterior and posterior deep temporal branches 

 ascend to the temporal fossa, where they lie close to the bone and supply the temporal 

 muscle. They anastomose together, the posterior also with the middle temporal 

 artery, and the anterior with branches of the lachrymal artery through small 



Fig. 342. DEEP DISSECTION OF 



THE HEAD AND PACE, TO SHOW 

 THE INTERNAL MAXILLARY 

 ARTERY AND ITS BRANCHES. 



(Tiedemann. ) 5 



The right half of the calvaria, 

 the zygomatic arch, and the upper 

 half of the ramus of the lower jaw, 

 with the external pterygoid mus- 

 cle, have been removed ; some of 

 the superficial muscles of the face 

 have been divided, and the in- 

 ternal pterygoid and buccinator 

 muscles are exposed. 1, facial 

 artery, rising over the edge of 

 the lower jaw ; 2, inferior coro- 

 nary artery ; 2', mental branch 

 of the inferior dental artery ; 3, 

 facial artery continued ; 4, supe- 

 rior coronary ; 5, lateral nasal ; 

 6, frontal branch of the ophthalmic 

 artery, from which the nasal artery 

 is seen descending on the nose ; 

 7 V internal carotid artery ; 8, ex- 

 ternal carotid ; 9, division of the 

 external carotid into superficial 

 temporal and internal maxillary 

 arteries; 10, superficial temporal ^ 

 11, masse teric branch of the ex- 

 ternal carotid artery ; 12, internal 

 maxillary artery, at the origin of 



its inferior dental branch ; 13, on the base of the zygoma, points to the origin of the middle meningeal 

 branch, and on the dura mater above, to its distribution ; 14, on the lower part of the temporal 

 muscle, is between the deep temporal branches of the artery ; 15, pterygoid branches ; 16, buccal 

 artery ; 17, posterior dental, and deepest part of the internal maxillary artery where it enters the 

 spheno-maxillary fossa ; 18, infraorbital artery issuing upon the face. 



foramina in the outer wall of the orbit. When the main artery passes beneath the 

 external pterygoid, the posterior temporal branch arises from the first part in 

 common with the inferior dental, and the anterior temporal is given off as the artery 

 issues between the heads of the muscle. 



(b) The masseteric is a small but regular branch which passes from within out- 

 wards, with the nerve of the same name, through the sigrnoid notch of the lower 

 jaw, to the deep surface of the masseter muscle. It is usually joined at its origin 

 with the posterior temporal branch. 



(c) The pterygoid branches, small, short offsets, irregular in number and origin, 

 are distributed to the pterygoid muscles. 



(d) The buccal branch runs obliquely downwards and forwards upon the 



