444 



THE ARTERIES OF THE UPPER LIMB. 



Fi S- 36 3. DEEP ANTERIOR VIEW OF THE ARTERIES OP THE 



ARM, FOREARM, AND HAND. (Tiedemann.) j 



The biceps, the muscles arising from the inner coadyle, the 

 supinator longus, the lower part of the flexor longus pollicis and 

 flexor profundus digitorum, the anterior annular ligament, and the 

 muscles of the ball of the thumb have been removed : n, pronator 

 quadratus muscle ; 1, lower part of the axillary artery continued 

 into the brachial ; 2, superior profunda ; 3, inferior profunda ; 

 4, anastomotic ; 5, upper part of the radial artery and radial re- 

 current ; 5', lower part of the radial artery, giving off the super- 

 ficial volar branch ; 5", radial artery, emerging from between the 

 heads of the abductor indicis muscle; 6, 6, upper part of the 

 ulnar artery with the anterior and posterior ulnar recurrent 

 branches ; 6', ulnar artery, approaching the wrist and descending 

 into the superficial palmar arch which has been cut short ; 6", 

 deep branch of the ulnar artery uniting with the deep palmar arch ; 

 7, (marked only on one) interosseous branches from the deep 

 palmar arch joining the palmar digital arteries 8, 8, 8, which 

 have been cut away from their origin from the superficial arch to 

 near their division into the collateral digital arteries ; the ulnar 

 collateral of the little finger is arising in this instance from the 

 deep palmar arch ; 9, placed between the princeps pollicis and 

 radialis indicis branches of the radial artery ; 10, lower part of 

 the anterior interosseous artery passing behind the pronator 

 quadratus muscle ; 11, anastomosis of the anterior carpal branches 

 of the radial and ulnar arteries with twigs from the anterior 

 interosseous artery and recurrent branches from the deep palmar 

 arch. 



(d) An anterior communwating branch, given off 

 before the artery pierces the interosseous membrane, 

 and descending beneath the pronator quadratus 

 muscle to anastomose with the anterior carpal arteries. 



(e) Terminal twigs anastomosing with the posterior 

 carpal arteries. 



The posterior interosseous artery, passing 

 backwards through the interval between the oblique 

 ligament and the upper border of the interosseous 

 membrane, appears on the back of the forearm between 

 the supinator brevis and extensor ossis metacarpi pol- 

 licis muscles, and gives off here its recurrent branch. 

 Continuing its course downwards between the super- 

 ficial and deep layers of extensor muscles, to both of 

 which it distributes branches, it reaches the back of 

 the wrist much diminished in size, and ends by 

 anastomosing with the anterior interosseous and pos- 

 terior carpal arteries. 



The posterior interosseous recurrent artery passes 

 directly upwards, covered by the anconeus, to reach 

 the interval between the olecranon and external 

 condyle, where it divides into several offsets which 

 anastomose with the superior profunda, the posterior 

 ulnar recurrent and the radial recurrent arteries. 



4. The posterior ulnar carpal branch, of vari- 

 able size, arises a little above the pisiform bone, and 

 winds back under the tendon of the flexor carpi ulnaris 



to gain the dorsal surface of the carpus. It gives a small metacarpal branch (some- 

 times derived separately from the ulnar) which runs along the ulnar side of the 

 fifth metacarpal bone ; and then passing transversely outwards beneath the extensor 

 tendons, it anastomoses with the posterior carpal branch of the radial artery, so as 



