THE LYMPHATICS OF THE HEAD. 



559 



and some of the submaxillary glands, the lymphatics of the cranial cavity, the 

 tongue, larynx, and lower part of the pharynx, some of those of the thyroid body 

 and the deep muscles of the neck. Their efferent vessels descend to the following 

 glands. The inferior deep cervical glands are grouped around the lower part of the 

 internal jugular vein, and extend outwards into the supraclavicular fossa, becoming 

 continuous below with the glands of the superior mediastinum internally, and those 

 of the axilla externally. They receive the efferent vessels of the other cervical 

 glands, both superficial and deep, and the lymphatics from the lower part of the 

 neck. Their efferent ducts unite to form a single vessel (Jugular lymphatic trunk) 

 which terminates in the thoracic (or right lymphatic) duct, or sometimes separately 

 in one of the large veins. 



The lymphatics of the scalp descend partly over the occiput and behind the 



Fig. 423. PRINCIPAL LYM- 

 PHATIC VESSELS AND 

 GLANDS OF THE HEAD 

 AND NECK ON THE RIGHT 



SIDE (after Bourgery in 

 part). (Allen Thomson.) ^ 



The inner half of the 

 clavicle and part of the ster- 

 num have been removed so as 

 to expose the arch of the 

 aorta, and the innominate 

 artery and veins ; the pos- 

 terior belly of the omo-hyoid 

 muscle is removed ; and the 

 sterno-mastoid, sterno-hyoid, 

 and sterno-thyroid muscles, 

 and the external jugular vein 

 have been divided so as to 

 expose the deeper parts. 



a, right innominate vein 

 at the place where it is joined 

 by the principal lymphatic 

 trunk ; a', the left vein ; b, 

 arch of aorta ; c, common 

 carotid artery ; d, thyroid 

 body crossed by the anterior 

 jugular vein ; e, cut surface 

 of sternum ; /, outer part of 

 clavicle; 1, submaxillary lym- 

 phatic glands ; 1', lingual ; 

 2, parotid ; 3, 3, suboccipital 

 and mastoid ; 4, superior deep 

 cervical ; 5, 5, inferior deep 



cervical glands ; 6, 6, axillary glands ; 7, on the superior vena cava, some of the anterior mediastinal 

 vessels ; 8, on the innominate artery, some of the superior mediastinal ; to these last are seen descend- 

 ing some of the lymphatics from the thyroid body and lower part of the neck. 



ear to the suboccipital and mastoid glands, and partly in front of the ear to the 

 parotid lymphatic glands. From the mesial part of the forehead other vessels pass 

 downwards and join the lymphatics of the face. 



The superficial lymphatics of the face are directed for the most part 

 obliquely downwards in the course of the facial vein, and enter the submaxillary 

 glands, but those springing from the outer parts of the eyelids and cheek pass back- 

 wards to the parotid glands. The deep lymphatics of the face, including those of the 

 orbit, nasal cavity in part, roof of the mouth, and interior of the cheek, terminate in 

 the internal maxillary glands. 



The lymphatics of the cranial cavity take their origin in networks contained 

 in the pia mater on the surface of the brain and in the choroid plexuses of the ven- 



