CALYCIFLORJE. 69 



heads in a thickly aggregated cluster, with ovate involucres ; 

 florets purple, sometimes white. Very common in moist situa- 

 tions. Carduus, Linn. (E. B. t. 974.) A. vn. vm. 



3. C. arvensis (creeping P.) In fields and by roadsides. 

 Plant from 3 to 4 feet high ; stem angular, leafy ; leaves oblong- 

 lanceolate, spinous, sessile, pinnatifid ; flower-heads in an im- 

 perfect corymb ; florets purple ; involucres ovate. Very common 

 everywhere. (Carduus, E. B. t. 975.) P. vn. 



4. C. eriophorus (woolly -headed P.) In waste grounds and 

 by roadsides. Plant from 3 to 4 feet high ; stem stout, much 

 branched and furrowed ; root-leaves very long, pinnatifid, with 

 lobes pointing alternately up and down, spinous ; stem-leaves 

 smaller, but having the same characters, cottony beneath, and 

 half clasping the stem. Flower-heads large and globose ; florets 

 purple. Frequent. Watcombe. (Carduus, E. B. t. 386.) B. 



VIII. 



5. C. pratensis (meadow P.) In wet meadows. Stem from 

 1 to 2 feet high, cottony, bearing a single head of florets. Leaves 

 nearly all radical, lance-shaped, toothed, and bordered with 

 small, sharp prickles, sessile and cottony beneath. Flower-heads 

 solitary, roundish, slightly cottony ; florets purple. Marychurch. 

 Moist meadows, near Torre Abbey. (Carduus, E. B. t. 177.) 

 P. YI.-YIH. 



6. C. acaulis (dwarf P.) In dry limestone pastures. This 

 plant may be said to have no stem, the flower-head arising from 

 the midst of the spreading root-leaves, winch are oblong and 

 pinnately divided ; the lobes three times cut, and spinous. Flower- 

 head nearly sessile ; involucre ovate ; florets spreading, purple. 

 Babbicombe and Ilshain Downs, formerly, but not met with for 

 the last two or three years. Carduus, Linn. (E. B. t. 161.) P. 

 vn.-ix. 



ONOPORDUM. COTTON-THISTLE. 



O. Acanthium (common Cotton-Thistle.} In waste grounds 

 and by roadsides. Plant from 4 to 5 feet high, with a branched, 

 woolly and winged stem, bearing sharp spines ; leaves ovate-ob- 

 long, prickly and woolly on both sides. Involucre large and 

 round ; scales armed with sharp teeth. Florets purple. Mead- 

 foot. (E. B. t. 977.) B. vni. 



CARLINA. CAELINE-THISTLE. 



C. vulgaris (common C.) In dry fields and hilly pastures. 

 About a foot high, stem woolly with short spines, branching at 



